{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T23:15:42Z","timestamp":1697238942080},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,7,1]],"date-time":"1994-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":773020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a naturally occurring phospholipid cytokine, is a potent mediator of allergic and inflammatory reactions, as well as a modulator of immune responses. In the present study we showed that PAF is involved in early B-cell activation, as demonstrated by the increased cyclic AMP (cAMP) generation by PAF in a time- and dose-dependent manner in anti-mu antibody- plus B-cell growth factor-activated normal human peripheral blood B lymphocytes. PAF also regulated differentiation by causing a biphasic response on immunoglobulin M (IgM) production with an inhibitory signal generated at 10(-6) M and a stimulatory signal generated at 10(-8) to 10(-10) M. PAF enhanced IgA secretion. The regulation exerted by PAF was shown to be specific because the addition of the PAR antagonist CV-3988 abrogated these effects and the inactive form of PAF, lyso-PAF, induced neither cAMP generation nor immunoglobulin secretion in normal human B cells. Other cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-4, potent mediators of the immune response, were unable to elicit a cAMP response in B cells. However, the addition of PAF (10(-6) M) with wither IL-2 or IL-4 enhanced cAMP production above the levels enhanced by the addition of PAF alone. IL-2 or IL-4, individually, stimulated IgM production, yet costimulation with PAF resulted in a differential effect between IL-2 and IL-4. PAF down-regulated the IL-4-induced IgM secretion, whereas the IL-2-induced IgM secretion was enhanced. The presence of CV-3988 returned all valued to those obtained with IL-2 or IL-4 alone, demonstrating the specificity of PAF. These data suggest that PAF is an important B-cell immunomodulator which can interact with other leukocyte cell mediators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.1.4.424-432.1994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T18:33:46Z","timestamp":1578335626000},"page":"424-432","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Differential effects of interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 on immunomodulatory role of platelet-activating factor in human B cells"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"C L","family":"Patke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C G","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W T","family":"Shearer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","container-title":["Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T05:48:18Z","timestamp":1645595298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/cdli.1.4.424-432.1994"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/cdli.1.4.424-432.1994"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cdli.1.4.424-432.1994","relation":{},"ISSN":["1071-412X","1098-6588"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1071-412X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6588","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1994-07-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}