{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T06:08:38Z","timestamp":1777097318813,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,1]],"date-time":"2003-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057017600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A cloning and expression system that allows display of proteins on the surface of filamentous phages was exploited to display a 28-kDa glutathione\n            <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n            -transferase (Sm28GST) antigen of the human parasite\n            <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n            . The phage-displayed Sm28GST (pdGST) was immunoreactive and was recognized by immune sera, suggesting that the Sm28GST protein displayed on the surface of phages potentially maintains native conformation. Subsequent immunization studies showed that mice can develop high titers of antibodies against pdGST and do not require any additional adjuvant for immunization. Isotype analysis suggested that the pdGST immunization predominantly induced immunoglobulin G2b (IgG2b), IgG3, and IgM anti-GST antibodies in mice. Furthermore, the pdGST immunization was found to confer about 30% protection after a challenge infection with 100 cercariae of\n            <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n            in BALB\/c mice. These findings suggest that phage display is a simple, efficient, and promising tool to express candidate vaccine antigens for immunization against infectious agents.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.10.4.536-541.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,9]],"date-time":"2003-07-09T21:36:29Z","timestamp":1057786589000},"page":"536-541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Expression of a 28-Kilodalton Glutathione\n            <i>S<\/i>\n            -Transferase Antigen of\n            <i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>\n            on the Surface of Filamentous Phages and Evaluation of Its Vaccine Potential"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kakuturu V. N.","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, Illinois 61107"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Xun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, Illinois 61107"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramaswamy","family":"Kalyanasundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, Illinois 61107"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.1999.0832","volume":"19","year":"1999","unstructured":"Allison, A. C. 1999. Squalene and squalane emulsions as adjuvants. Methods19:87-93.","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8632","volume":"234","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bastien, N., M. Trudel, and C. Simard. 1997. Protective immune responses induced by the immunization of mice with a recombinant bacteriophage displaying an epitope of the human respiratory syncytial virus. Virology234:118-122.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(00)01683-2","volume":"21","year":"2000","unstructured":"Borrebaeck, C. A. 2000. Antibodies in diagnostics\u2014from immunoassays to protein chips. Immunol. Today21:379-382.","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000061369"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1159\/000053656","volume":"124","year":"2001","unstructured":"Capron, A., M. Capron, D. Dombrowicz, and G. Riveau. 2001. Vaccine strategies against schistosomiasis: from concepts to clinical trials. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol.124:9-15.","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1998.00330.x","volume":"47","year":"1998","unstructured":"Comoy, E. E., A. Capron, and G. Thyphronitis. 1998. Adjuvant is the major parameter influencing the isotype profiles generated during immunization with a protein antigen, the Schistosoma mansoni Sm28-GST. Scand. J. Immunol.47:444-452.","journal-title":"Scand. J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/9.4.523","volume":"9","year":"1997","unstructured":"Comoy, E. E., A. Capron, and G. Thyphronitis. 1997. In vivo induction of type 1 and 2 immune responses against protein antigens. Int. Immunol.9:523-531.","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1994.tb20025.x","volume":"226","year":"1994","unstructured":"Crameri, R., R. Jaussi, G. Menz, and K. Blaser. 1994. Display of expression products of cDNA libraries on phage surfaces. A versatile screening system for selective isolation of genes by specific gene-product\/ligand interaction. Eur. J. Biochem.226:53-58.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crameri R. and M. Suter. 1993. Display of biologically active proteins on the surface of filamentous phages: a cDNA cloning system for selection of functional gene products linked to the genetic information responsible for their production. Gene 137: 69-75. (Erratum 160: 139 1995.)","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(95)00190-H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6378","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.16.6378","volume":"87","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cwirla, S. E., E. A. Peters, R. W. Barrett, and W. J. Dower. 1990. Peptides on phage: a vast library of peptides for identifying ligands. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA87:6378-6382.","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4318","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)68927-6","volume":"263","year":"1988","unstructured":"de la Cruz, V. F., A. A. Lal, and T. F. McCutchan. 1988. Immunogenicity and epitope mapping of foreign sequences via genetically engineered filamentous phage. J. Biol. Chem.263:4318-4322.","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.1997.d01-163.x","volume":"19","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dupre, L., O. Poulain-Godefroy, E. Ban, N. Ivanoff, M. Mekranfar, A. M. Schacht, A. Capron, and G. Riveau. 1997. Intradermal immunization of rats with plasmid DNA encoding Schistosoma mansoni 28 kDa glutathione S-transferase. Parasite Immunol.19:505-513.","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1967.16.483","volume":"16","year":"1967","unstructured":"Duvall, R. H., and W. B. DeWitt. 1967. An improved perfusion technique for recovering adult schistosomes from laboratory animals. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.16:483-486.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"1060","volume":"7","year":"2003","unstructured":"Frenkel, D., I. Dewachter, F. Van Leuven, and B. Solomon. 2003. Reduction of beta-amyloid plaques in brain of transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by EFRH-phage immunization. Vaccine7:1060-1065.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)01946-3","volume":"480","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fuh, G., and S. S. Sidhu. 2000. Efficient phage display of polypeptides fused to the carboxy-terminus of the M13 gene-3 minor coat protein. FEBS Lett.480:231-234.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0185","volume":"269","year":"2000","unstructured":"Grabowska, A. M., R. Jennings, P. Laing, M. Darsley, C. L. Jameson, L. Swift, and W. L. Irving. 2000. Immunisation with phage displaying peptides representing single epitopes of the glycoprotein G can give rise to partial protective immunity to HSV-2. Virology269:47-53.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(93)90292-F","volume":"161","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gram, H., U. Strittmatter, M. Lorenz, D. Gluck, and G. Zenke. 1993. Phage display as a rapid gene expression system: production of bioactive cytokine-phage and generation of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. J. Immunol. Methods161:169-176.","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11252","DOI":"10.1021\/bi9702952","volume":"36","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hansson, L. O., M. Widersten, and B. Mannervik. 1997. Mechanism-based phage display selection of active-site mutants of human glutathione transferase A1-1 catalyzing SNAr reactions. Biochemistry36:11252-11260.","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(90)90076-X","volume":"40","year":"1990","unstructured":"Henkle, K. J., K. M. Davern, M. D. Wright, A. J. Ramos, and G. F. Mitchell. 1990. Comparison of the cloned genes of the 26- and 28-kilodalton glutathione S-transferases of Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mansoni. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.40:23-34.","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(92)90121-P","volume":"75","year":"1992","unstructured":"O'Leary, K. A., K. M. Hathaway, and J. W. Tracy. 1992. Schistosoma mansoni: single-step purification and characterization of glutathione S-transferase isoenzyme 4. Exp. Parasitol.75:47-55.","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1997.4178","volume":"86","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ramaswamy, K., Y.-X. He, and B. Salafsky. 1997. ICAM-1 and iNOS expression is increased in the skin of mice after vaccination with \u03b3-irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni. Exp. Parasitol.86:118-132.","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1086\/315454","volume":"181","year":"2000","unstructured":"Remoue, F., F. Rogerie, M. C. Gallissot, H. L. Guyatt, J. L. Neyrinck, M. M. Diakkhate, M. Niang, A. E. Butterworth, C. Auriault, A. Capron, and G. Riveau. 2000. Sex-dependent neutralizing humoral response to Schistosoma mansoni 28GST antigen in infected human populations. J. Infect. Dis.181:1855-1859.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.5.2797-2803.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.61.7.3003-3011.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761998000700012","volume":"93","year":"1998","unstructured":"Riveau, G., O. Poulain-Godefroy, L. Dupre, F. Remoue, N. Mielcarek, C. Lochet, and A. Capron. 1998. Glutathione S-transferase of 28 kDa as major vaccine candidates against schistosomiasis. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz93:87-94.","journal-title":"Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.3.1802","volume":"275","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shanmugavelu, M., A. R. Baytan, J. D. Chesnut, and B. C. Bonning. 2000. A novel protein that binds juvenile hormone esterase in fat body tissue and pericardial cells of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta. L. J. Biol. Chem.275:1802-1806.","journal-title":"L. J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1126\/science.4001944","volume":"228","year":"1985","unstructured":"Smith, G. P. 1985. Filamentous fusion phage: novel expression vectors that display cloned antigens on the virion surface. Science228:1315-1317.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(93)90071-5","volume":"61","year":"1993","unstructured":"Walker, J., P. Crowley, A. D. Moreman, and J. Barrett. 1993. Biochemical properties of cloned glutathione S-transferases from Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.61:255-264.","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(93)90156-W","volume":"128","year":"1993","unstructured":"Willis, A. E., R. N. Perham, and D. Wraith. 1993. Immunological properties of foreign peptides in multiple displays on a filamentous bacteriophage. Gene128:79-83.","journal-title":"Gene"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CDLI.10.4.536-541.2003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CDLI.10.4.536-541.2003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T20:33:31Z","timestamp":1627590811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CDLI.10.4.536-541.2003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CDLI.10.4.536-541.2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cdli.10.4.536-541.2003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-11-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-03-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}