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We observed that supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients produced significantly more interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2) than those from stimulated healthy controls. Furthermore, a Th2 bias was observed in EPF patients when the IL-5\/gamma interferon ratio was analyzed. These results indicate that cells from pemphigus patients react with a vigorous proinflammatory response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.10.5.741-743.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,9]],"date-time":"2003-09-09T17:05:04Z","timestamp":1063127104000},"page":"741-743","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["High Levels of Interleukin-1 in Patients with Endemic Pemphigus Foliaceus"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Denise Bertulucci","family":"Rocha-Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina do Tria\u0302ngulo Mineiro"},{"name":"Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovana","family":"Paschoini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina do Tria\u0302ngulo Mineiro"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanivia Aparecida Lima","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina do Tria\u0302ngulo Mineiro"},{"name":"Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlene Antonia dos","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina do Tria\u0302ngulo Mineiro"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicente de Paula Antunes","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina do Tria\u0302ngulo Mineiro"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Virmondes","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina do Tria\u0302ngulo Mineiro"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI3647","volume":"102","year":"1998","unstructured":"Amagai, M., T. 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