{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:59:14Z","timestamp":1792292354042,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,1]],"date-time":"2004-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1083369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We analyzed the characteristics of the inflammatory response occurring in blood during pulmonary infections in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. A prospective study of consecutive hospital admissions of HIV-infected patients with new-onset radiologic pulmonary infiltrates was carried out in a tertiary university hospital from April 1998 to May 2001. Plasma cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP), interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) levels were determined at the time of admission and 4, 5, and 6 days later. Patients were included in a protocol addressed to study etiology and outcome of disease. A total of 249 episodes of infection were included, with the main diagnoses being bacterial pneumonia (BP) (118 episodes),\n            <jats:italic>Pneumocystis carinii<\/jats:italic>\n            pneumonia (PCP) (41 episodes), and mycobacteriosis (36 episodes). For these three patient groups, at the time of admission the median CRP and cytokine levels were as follows: CRP, 10.2, 3.8 and 5 mg\/dl, respectively (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.0001); IL-8, 19, 3, and 2.9 pg\/ml (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.045); and TNF-\u03b1, 46.4, 44, and 75 pg\/ml, respectively (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.029). There were no significant differences in levels of IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, or IL-10 among the patient groups. A total of 23 patients died. At the time of admission, HIV-infected patients with BP had higher plasma CRP and IL-8 levels than did PCP and mycobacteriosis patients. TNF-\u03b1 levels were higher in patients with mycobacteriosis. An elevated IL-8 level (&gt;61 pg\/ml) at the time of admission was an independent factor associated with higher mortality (odds ratio, 12; 95% confidence interval, 1.2 to 235.5).\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.11.3.608-614.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,11]],"date-time":"2004-05-11T19:33:03Z","timestamp":1084303983000},"page":"608-614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Inflammatory Responses in Blood Samples of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients with Pulmonary Infections"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Natividad","family":"Benito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asuncio\u0301n","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Filella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose\u0301 M.","family":"Miro\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia\u0300","family":"Gonza\u0301lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toma\u0301s","family":"Pumarola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari\u0301a Eugenia","family":"Valls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Montserrat","family":"Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Garci\u0301a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Ran\u0303o\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pneumology Service, Hospital Cli\u0301nic Universitari-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pneumology Service, Hospital Cli\u0301nic Universitari-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose\u0301 M.","family":"Gatell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007264411006","volume":"217","year":"2001","unstructured":"Abul, H., A. 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