{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T20:51:54Z","timestamp":1771275114205,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]],"date-time":"2004-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1099267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The tuberculin skin test (TST) is the \u201cgold standard\u201d for detecting infection with\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            . We compared the TST using purified protein derivative to the QuantiFERON-TB test (QFT). Two groups were examined. Group 1 individuals (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 66) (low risk) were at low risk for exposure to\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            and were not\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            BCG vaccinated. Group 2 (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 29) include individuals who were likely to have been exposed to a high prevalence of\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            infections and were BCG vaccinated. Group 1 individuals were given a TST. Group 2 individuals were not given a TST because of possible adverse reactions. A 10- to 15-mm indurated area 48 h after TST was considered positive. A positive QFT result was defined as a significant gamma interferon response to\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            antigen,\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic>\n            antigen, and a nonspecific mitogen stimulus and no response in the negative control. In group 1, 60 of 66 individuals (90.9%) were negative by both methods, and 1 person was positive by both methods. There was one QFT-negative, TST-positive case, one QFT-positive, TST-negative case, and three conditional QFT-positive, TST-negative cases. In group 2, 12 of 29 (41.4%) were positive by QFT and considered likely to be TST positive because of prior BCG vaccination. QFT testing in our low-risk group resulted in an agreement of 96.8%, a sensitivity of 50%, and a specificity of 98.4% compared with TST results. QFT testing with TST in low-risk groups can aid in the detection of latent\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            infections.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.11.6.1089-1093.2004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,11]],"date-time":"2004-11-11T18:37:49Z","timestamp":1100198269000},"page":"1089-1093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Evaluation of an In Vitro Assay for Gamma Interferon Production in Response to\n            <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n            Infections"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Edward W.","family":"Taggart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harry R.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland G.","family":"Ruegner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas B.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine M.","family":"Litwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/142.3.725","volume":"142","year":"1990","unstructured":"American Thoracic Society. 1990. Diagnostic standards and classification of tuberculosis. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis.142:725-735.","journal-title":"Am. Rev. Respir. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.4.16141","volume":"161","year":"2000","unstructured":"Anonymous. 2000. Diagnostic standards and classification of tuberculosis in adults and children. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.161:1376-1395.","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1086\/340397","volume":"34","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bellete, B., J. Coberly, G. L. Barnes, C. Ko, R. E. Chaisson, G. W. Comstock, and W. R. Bishai. 2002. Evaluation of a whole-blood interferon-gamma release assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in 2 study populations. Clin. Infect. Dis.34:1449-1456.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"462","volume":"5","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brock, I., M. E. Munk, A. Kok-Jensen, and P. Andersen. 2001. Performance of whole blood IFN-gamma test for tuberculosis diagnosis based on PPD or the specific antigens ESAT-6 and CFP-10. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.5:462-467.","journal-title":"Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.5.4.531-536.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.6.968","volume":"17","year":"1993","unstructured":"Huebner, R. E., M. F. Schein, and J. B. Bass, Jr. 1993. The tuberculin skin test. Clin. Infect. Dis.17:968-975.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.6.6.934-937.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.8.2.339-345.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1088063","volume":"302","year":"2003","unstructured":"MacMicking, J. D., G. A. Taylor, and J. D. McKinney. 2003. Immune control of tuberculosis by IFN-gamma-inducible LRG-47. Science302:654-659.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.14.1740","volume":"286","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mazurek, G. H., P. A. LoBue, C. L. Daley, J. Bernardo, A. A. Lardizabal, W. R. Bishai, M. F. Iademarco, and J. S. Rothel. 2001. Comparison of a whole-blood interferon gamma assay with tuberculin skin testing for detecting latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. JAMA286:1740-1747.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"15","volume":"52","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mazurek, G. H., and M. E. Villarino. 2003. Guidelines for using the QuantiFERON-TB test for diagnosing latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. Recomm. Rep.52:15-18.","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. Recomm. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-120-3-199402010-00003","volume":"120","year":"1994","unstructured":"Menzies, R., B. Vissandjee, I. Rocher, and Y. St Germain. 1994. The booster effect in two-step tuberculin testing among young adults in Montreal. Ann. Intern. Med.120:190-198.","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.10.3229-3232.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520270054031","volume":"273","year":"1995","unstructured":"Raviglione, M. C., D. E. Snider, Jr., and A. Kochi. 1995. Global epidemiology of tuberculosis. Morbidity and mortality of a worldwide epidemic. JAMA273:220-226.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","first-page":"443","volume":"2","year":"1998","unstructured":"Streeton, J. A., N. Desem, and S. L. Jones. 1998. Sensitivity and specificity of a gamma interferon blood test for tuberculosis infection. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis.2:443-450.","journal-title":"Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2001. Tuberculosis. World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland."}],"container-title":["Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CDLI.11.6.1089-1093.2004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CDLI.11.6.1089-1093.2004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T20:34:53Z","timestamp":1627590893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CDLI.11.6.1089-1093.2004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CDLI.11.6.1089-1093.2004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cdli.11.6.1089-1093.2004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2004-05-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2004-07-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}