{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T21:00:42Z","timestamp":1788037242867,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]],"date-time":"2005-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a newly reported respiratory virus belonging to the\n            <jats:italic>Paramyxoviridae<\/jats:italic>\n            family that has been associated with bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children. We developed a simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for hMPV serological testing using the nucleoprotein (N) from group A or B (N-A or N-B) as the antigen, and we evaluated it in both children and adults. The N proteins were first used in a Western immunoblot assay to identify hMPV-negative sera, which were then used to determine the cutoff value of the ELISA test. Subsequent evaluation of the ELISA-N test revealed that the mean reciprocal antibody titer of 20 randomly selected seropositive children was 143, compared to 69 for 20 seropositive adults. In a prospective evaluation of 71 adults with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 58 (81.6%) had prior hMPV antibodies and 3 (4.2%) had evidence of recent hMPV infection. In testing paired sera from adults (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 4) with recent hMPV group A infection confirmed by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR), ELISAs using the N-A or N-B proteins were able to detect hMPV seroconversion. Moreover, testing of paired sera from three adults with a recent infection by the human respiratory syncytial virus confirmed by RT-PCR and serology did not reveal any increase in hMPV antibodies over time. The ELISA-N is a simple, objective, and specific serological test useful for detecting anti-hMPV antibodies following group A or B viral infections, which should permit a better understanding of the epidemiology of this virus.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.12.2.249-253.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,7]],"date-time":"2005-02-07T22:28:47Z","timestamp":1107815327000},"page":"249-253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Development and Validation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Metapneumovirus Serology Based on a Recombinant Viral Protein"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Marie-E\u0300ve","family":"Hamelin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center in Infectious Diseases of the \u201cCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Que\u0301bec\u201d and Laval University, Que\u0301bec City, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Boivin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center in Infectious Diseases of the \u201cCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Que\u0301bec\u201d and Laval University, Que\u0301bec City, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00528-2","volume":"315","year":"2003","unstructured":"Biacchesi, S., M. H. Skiadopoulos, G. Boivin, C. T. Hanson, B. R. Murphy, P. L. Collins, and U. J. Buchholz. 2003. Genetic diversity between human metapneumovirus subgroups. Virology315:1-9.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1086\/344319","volume":"186","year":"2002","unstructured":"Boivin, G., Y. Abed, G. Pelletier, L. Ruel, D. Moisan, S. Cote, T. C. Peret, D. D. Erdman, and L. J. Anderson. 2002. Virological features and clinical manifestations associated with human metapneumovirus: a new paramyxovirus responsible for acute respiratory-tract infections in all age groups. J. Infect. Dis.186:1330-1334.","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.1.45-51.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0906.030017","volume":"9","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boivin, G., G. De Serres, S. Cote, R. Gilca, Y. Abed, L. 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