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For this purpose, we used an HpSA test (Equipar) to detect<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>infection in children and adolescents from Tehran, Iran. Thirty-five children who were positive or negative for<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>infection by endoscopy-based tests were used as positive and negative controls for the HpSA test. Stools were collected from 430 randomly selected children and adolescents (4 to 18 years old) from southwest, near the center, and northwest of Tehran. A questionnaire that included presence of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), family history of infection and\/or peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and income of parents was completed. A good agreement was found between the results of endoscopy-based tests and those of the HpSA test; the sensitivity and specificity of the Equipar-HpSA test were 100% and 83.4%, respectively. Among 430 children and adolescents, 47% were positive by the HpSA test, of whom 82% had RAP. No difference in incidence was observed between the two sexes; the various categories of age showed an increasing incidence, ranging from 24% (ages 4 to 6) to 58% (ages 16 to 18). The rate of infection in children and adolescents from the southwest was significantly higher (70%) than the rate in those from the northwest (32%), and a family history of<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>infection or PUD was observed in 59% of the HpSA positive subjects. The HpSA test is a useful test to detect<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>infection in children and adolescents from developing countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.12.9.1094-1097.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,7]],"date-time":"2005-09-07T18:13:10Z","timestamp":1126116790000},"page":"1094-1097","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Application of a Stool Antigen Test To Evaluate the Incidence of<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>Infection in Children and Adolescents from Tehran, Iran"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tahereh","family":"Falsafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Azzahra University"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nargess","family":"Valizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Azzahra University"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shayesteh","family":"Sepehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Azzahra University"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehri","family":"Najafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Azzahra University"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center of Tehran, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.56.10.769","volume":"56","year":"2003","unstructured":"Andrew, J., B. 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