{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:45:46Z","timestamp":1790873146236,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,11,1]],"date-time":"1998-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":909878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smooth<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>strains are classified into three serotypes, i.e., A<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>M<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>, A<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>M<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and A<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>M<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, according to slide agglutination with A and M monospecific polyclonal sera. The epitopes involved have been located on the O-polysaccharide (O-PS) moiety of the smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS), which represents the most exposed antigenic structure on the surface of<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>spp. By use of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) a number of epitope specificities on the O-PS have been reported: A, M, and epitopes shared by both A and M dominant strains, which have been named common (C) epitopes. The latter have been further subdivided, according to relative MAb binding in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to A- and M-dominant<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>strains and to cross-reacting<jats:italic>Yersinia enterocolitica<\/jats:italic>O:9, into five epitopic specificities: C (M&gt;A), C (M=A), C\/Y (M&gt;A), C\/Y (M=A), and C\/Y (A&gt;M). In the present study, we studied the occurrence of these epitopes at the surface of representatives of all<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>species and biovars including the live vaccine strains by analyzing the levels of MAb binding to whole<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>cells in ELISA and flow cytometry assays. In ELISA, the level of MAb binding correlated well with the previously defined epitope specificity and the serotype defined by polyclonal sera for each<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>species, biovar, or strain. However, MAbs to the C (M=A) and C (M&gt;A) epitopes showed insignificant binding to<jats:italic>B. suis<\/jats:italic>biovar 2 strains and bound at lower titers to<jats:italic>B. suis<\/jats:italic>biovar 3 and<jats:italic>B. neotomae<\/jats:italic>than to the other<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>strains. Some of the flow cytometry results were contradictory to those obtained by ELISA. In fact, it appeared by flow cytometry that all O-PS epitopes, including the A and M epitopes, are shared to different degrees by<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>spp. which nevertheless show a high degree of O-PS heterogeneity according to MAb binding intensities. The subdivision of MAb specificities and<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>serotypes was therefore less evident by flow cytometry than by ELISA. Whereas in ELISA the MAb specific for the A epitope showed insignificant binding to<jats:italic>Y. enterocolitica<\/jats:italic>O:9, this MAb bound strongly to<jats:italic>Y. enterocolitica<\/jats:italic>O:9 in flow cytometry. One of the two MAbs specific to the C (M=A) epitope also bound at a low but significant level to<jats:italic>B. suis<\/jats:italic>biovar 2 strains. However, as in ELISA the MAb specific for the C (M&gt;A) epitope did not bind at all to<jats:italic>B. suis<\/jats:italic>biovar 2 strains in flow cytometry. Flow cytometry provided new information regarding specificity of the MAbs and may further explain some aspects of the capacity of passive protection of some MAbs against smooth<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>infection in mice. As shown in the present study the occurrence of<jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>strains apparently completely devoid of one specific C O-PS epitope (e.g.,<jats:italic>B. suis<\/jats:italic>biovar 2 devoid of the C [M&gt;A] epitope) offers the possibility of obtaining vaccine strains devoid of a diagnostic O-PS epitope, which could further help to resolve the problem of discriminating infected from vaccinated animals that remains a major goal in brucellosis research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.5.6.862-870.1998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T19:21:45Z","timestamp":1577820105000},"page":"862-870","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["O-Polysaccharide Epitopic Heterogeneity at the Surface of<i>Brucella<\/i>spp. Studied by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Flow Cytometry"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Axel","family":"Cloeckaert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire de Pathologie Infectieuse et Immunologie, 37380 Nouzilly, France,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Weynants","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Unite\u0301d\u2019Immunologie-Microbiologie, Faculte\u0301s Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Namur,2 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Godfroid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Centre d\u2019Etude et de Recherches Ve\u0301te\u0301rinaires et Agrochimiques, B-1180 Brussels,3 Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Verger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire de Pathologie Infectieuse et Immunologie, 37380 Nouzilly, France,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maggy","family":"Grayon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire de Pathologie Infectieuse et Immunologie, 37380 Nouzilly, France,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel S.","family":"Zygmunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire de Pathologie Infectieuse et Immunologie, 37380 Nouzilly, France,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"Alton G. 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