{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T16:44:15Z","timestamp":1758818655292},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]],"date-time":"1999-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":920246400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the predictive value of CD19 cell percentages (CD19%) for times to bacterial infections, using data from six pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocols and adjusting for other potentially prognostic variables, such as CD4%, CD8%, immunoglobulin (IgA) level, lymphocyte count, prior infections, prior zidovudine treatment, and age. In addition, we explored the combined effects of CD19% and IgG level in predicting time to infection. We found that a low CD19% is associated with a nonsignificant 1.2-fold increase in hazard of bacterial infection (95% confidence interval: 0.97, 1.49). In contrast, a high IgG level is associated with a nonsignificant 0.87-fold decrease in hazard of infection (95% confidence interval: 0.68, 1.12). CD4% was more prognostic of time to bacterial infection than CD19% or IgG level. Low CD19% and high IgG levels together lead to a significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.01) 0.50-fold decrease in hazard (95% confidence interval: 0.35, 0.73) relative to low CD19% and low IgG levels. Similarly, in a model involving assay result changes (from baseline to 6 months) as well as baseline values, the effect of CD19% by itself is reversed from its effect in conjunction with IgG. In this model, CD19% that are increasing and high are associated with decreases in hazard of infection (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.01), while increasing CD19% and increasing IgG levels are associated with significant (at the<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.01 level) fourfold increases in hazard of infection relative to stable CD19% and decreasing, stable, or increasing IgG levels. Our data suggest that CD19%, in conjunction with IgG level, provides a useful prognostic tool for bacterial infections. It is highly likely that T-helper function impacts on B-cell function; thus, inclusion of CD4% in such analyses may greatly enhance the assessment of risk for bacterial infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.6.2.247-253.1999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T19:22:12Z","timestamp":1577820132000},"page":"247-253","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Predictive Value of CD19 Measurements for Bacterial Infections in Children Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Betensky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 021151;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Calvelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York2; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Savita","family":"Pahwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->North Shore University Hospital-New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, New York 110303"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(88)90053-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7690497"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(85)80505-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.4.2799-2809.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collett D. 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