{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T12:21:24Z","timestamp":1708518084458},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]],"date-time":"2000-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":951868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. Patients with PCM show a wide spectrum of clinical and pathological manifestations depending on both host and pathogen factors. Two clinical forms of the disease are recognized: the acute or juvenile form and the chronic or adult form. The major antigenic component of the parasite is a glycoprotein of 43 kDa (gp43). All patient sera present antibodies against gp43 (anti-gp43) and, as demonstrated before by our group, spontaneous anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) antibodies (Ab2) can be detected in patient sera with high titers of anti-gp43. Since it has been postulated that anti-Id antibodies may have a modulating function, we decided to purify and characterize anti-Id antibodies in this system. The possible correlation of Ab2 titers with different clinical forms of disease was also verified. Results showed that purified human anti-Id antibodies (human Ab2) recognized specifically the idiotype of some murine monoclonal anti-gp43 (17c and 3e) but not others (40.d7, 27a, and 8a). Spontaneous anti-Id antibodies were found in all clinical forms of disease. The majority of patients (88%,<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 8) with the acute form of PCM had high titers of Ab2. However, among patients with the multifocal chronic form of the disease, only 29% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 14) had high titers of Ab2; 70% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 10) of patients with the unifocal chronic form had low titers of Ab2. A correlation between Ab2 titers and anti-gp43 titers was observed before and during antimycotic treatment. Our results suggest that titers of anti-Id antibodies correlate with the severity of PCM in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.7.2.175-181.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:55:30Z","timestamp":1027763730000},"page":"175-181","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Anti-Idiotypic Antibodies in Patients with Different Clinical Forms of Paracoccidioidomycosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"A. 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