{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T08:39:27Z","timestamp":1762504767800},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]],"date-time":"2001-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":983404800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We examined the performance of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) antigens employing a new\n            <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n            product in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and nonanergic adolescent population. Diameters of induration (in millimeters) for three intradermally applied antigens (\n            <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n            , tetanus toxoid, and mumps) were compared in a population of HIV-infected 12 to 18 year olds at study entry in a national multicenter study of HIV disease progression. CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T-cell counts were measured in quality-controlled laboratories. The influence of past immunization, gender, and clinical status on antigen reactivity was evaluated with contingency table comparisons and relative risk estimation. Nearly one-half of the 123 eligible subjects were untreated, and almost three-quarters were early in HIV disease by clinical indicators. There was no statistically significant difference in reactivity by past immunization status. Candida antigen (CASTA; Greer Laboratories) evoked DTH response in a significantly higher number of males and females at every level of induration (largest\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            value, 0.049 for male comparisons; all\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            values, &lt;0.001 for females) and in subjects with early and intermediate HIV disease at every level of induration (all\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            values, &lt;0.0001) than either tetanus or mumps antigens. No two-antigen combination was as useful as all three antigens across either gender or clinical categories, although candida and tetanus was the most useful two-antigen combination at indurations of &lt;3 mm. The superior performance of a new C.\n            <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic>\n            antigen may extend the utility of DTH assessment in monitoring immune function.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.8.2.273-278.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:55:30Z","timestamp":1027763730000},"page":"273-278","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Performance of Antigens Used in Detecting Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity in Adolescents Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Audrey Smith","family":"Rogers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Pediatric, Adolescent, and Maternal AIDS Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas H.","family":"Ellenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Westat, Rockville,2 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven D.","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania3;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Henry-Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 4-->Division of Adolescent Medicine, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, Illinois4; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ligia","family":"Peralta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 5-->Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland, Baltimore,5Maryland;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig M.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 6-->Department of Geographic Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama6"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The Adolescent Medicine HIV\/AIDS Research Network","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"141","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for tuberculin positivity and skin test anergy in HIV-1 infected and uninfected at-risk women.","volume":"21","author":"Anastos K.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Anastos K. 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