{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T16:17:05Z","timestamp":1780676225083,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]],"date-time":"2001-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":983404800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Leptospirosis is a common and underdiagnosed zoonosis. Two rapid assays for serological diagnosis of acute leptospirosis in diagnostic laboratories, the immunoglobulin M (IgM)-dipstick assay and the indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), were evaluated and compared with standard assays. Sera were examined from 104 patients admitted to a hospital for investigation in a leptospirosis diagnostic protocol. Specimens for serology were taken on days 1 and 4 of the patients' hospital stay. Antibodies were detected using an IgM-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), microscopic agglutination test (MAT), an IgM-dipstick assay, and an IHA. Fifty-one patients were found to have leptospirosis. The sensitivity of the IgM-dipstick assay was 98%, its specificity was 90.6%, its positive predictive value was 90.9%, and its negative predictive value was 98%. The sensitivity of the IHA was 92.2%, its specificity was 94.4%, its positive predictive value was 95.9%, and its negative predictive value was 92.7%. The standard IgM-ELISA and MAT, were positive in the first samples tested from 67 and 55% of the cases, respectively, and the rapid IgM-dipstick assay and IHA were positive in 71 and 49%, respectively, in the first sample tested. Both rapid assays are highly sensitive and specific. Neither requires specialized equipment, and both are suitable for use in diagnostic laboratories.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.8.2.349-351.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:56:57Z","timestamp":1027763817000},"page":"349-351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Two Methods for Rapid Serological Diagnosis of Acute Leptospirosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Paul N.","family":"Levett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->School of Clinical Medicine &amp; Research, University of the West Indies, Bridgetown,1"},{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Leptospira Laboratory, Ministry of Health, St. Michael,2 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songee L.","family":"Branch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Leptospira Laboratory, Ministry of Health, St. Michael,2 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol U.","family":"Whittington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Leptospira Laboratory, Ministry of Health, St. Michael,2 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles N.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->School of Clinical Medicine &amp; Research, University of the West Indies, Bridgetown,1"},{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Bridgetown,3Barbados; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helene","family":"Paxton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 4-->PanBio InDx Inc., Baltimore, Maryland4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.11.5.452-457.1980"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","first-page":"395","article-title":"Evaluation of the one-point microcapsule agglutination test for diagnosis of leptospirosis.","volume":"72","author":"Arimitsu Y.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Arimitsu Y. Kmety E. Ananyina Y. Baranton G. Ferguson I. R. Smythe L. Terpstra W. J. Evaluation of the one-point microcapsule agglutination test for diagnosis of leptospirosis. Bull. W. H. O. 72 1994 395 399","journal-title":"Bull. W. H. O."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.6.4.555-557.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.11.3138-3142.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0201.960109"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","first-page":"673","article-title":"Update: leptospirosis and unexplained acute febrile illness among athletes participating in triathlons\u2014Illinois and Wisconsin, 1998.","volume":"47","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1998","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Update: leptospirosis and unexplained acute febrile illness among athletes participating in triathlons\u2014Illinois and Wisconsin, 1998. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. 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J.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Terpstra W. J. Ligthart G. S. Schoone G. J. Serodiagnosis of human leptospirosis by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay (ELISA). Zentbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infektionskr. Hyg. Abt. A247 1980 400 405","journal-title":"Zentbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infektionskr. Hyg. 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