{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T08:13:58Z","timestamp":1788682438387,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,1]],"date-time":"2001-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1004572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The tuberculin skin test (TST) is used for the identification of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) but lacks specificity in\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            BCG-vaccinated individuals, who constitute an increasing proportion of TB patients and their contacts from regions where TB is endemic. In previous studies, T-cell responses to ESAT-6 and CFP-10,\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            -specific antigens that are absent from BCG, were sensitive and specific for detection of active TB. We studied 44 close contacts of a patient with smear-positive pulmonary TB and compared the standard screening procedure for LTBI by TST or chest radiographs with T-cell responses to\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            -specific and nonspecific antigens. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cocultured with ESAT-6, CFP-10, TB10.4 (each as recombinant antigen and as a mixture of overlapping synthetic peptides),\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            sonicate, purified protein derivative (PPD), and short-term culture filtrate, using gamma interferon production as the response measure. LTBI screening was by TST in 36 participants and by chest radiographs in 8 persons. Nineteen contacts were categorized as TST negative, 12 were categorized as TST positive, and 5 had indeterminate TST results. Recombinant antigens and peptide mixtures gave similar results. Responses to TB10.4 were neither sensitive nor specific for LTBI. T-cell responses to ESAT-6 and CFP-10 were less sensitive for detection of LTBI than those to PPD (67 versus 100%) but considerably more specific (100 versus 72%). The specificity of the TST or in vitro responses to PPD will be even less when the proportion of BCG-vaccinated persons among TB contacts evaluated for LTBI increases.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.8.6.1089-1096.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:55:30Z","timestamp":1027763730000},"page":"1089-1096","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Tuberculin Skin Testing Compared with T-Cell Responses to\n            <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n            -Specific and Nonspecific Antigens for Detection of Latent Infection in Persons with Recent Tuberculosis Contact"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sandra M.","family":"Arend","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anrik C. F.","family":"Engelhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Tuberculosis Control, Municipal Health Department \u2018Zaanstreek en Waterland,\u2019 Zaandam,2 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gertjan","family":"Groot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Football Club Volendam, Volendam,3 The Netherlands, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 4-->Department of TB Immunology, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom H. M.","family":"Ottenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 5-->Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion,5 Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaap T.","family":"van Dissel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.4.9912048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-380.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.59.6.1905-1910.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.4.16141"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.supplement_3.ats600"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315448"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.6.3314-3321.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/38151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5419.1520"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-144-11-3195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-2977(99)00118-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/31159"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/138.2.479"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.7.677"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.7.3454-3456.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90748-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.1.16-22.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-3879(67)80024-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.8.3038-3047.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.19.10313"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.6.968"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.6.6.934-937.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-791.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314707"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.6.4.606-609.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.5.1274-1282.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","unstructured":"Menzies\nR. 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