{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T21:38:52Z","timestamp":1791149932564,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,1]],"date-time":"2002-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1036108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            There is considerable controversy concerning the evidence for the presence of\n            <jats:italic>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of both multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and patients with other neurological diseases (OND). In order to clarify this issue, the laboratories at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) and the University of South Florida (USF) examined the reproducibility of their respective PCR assays for the detection of\n            <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            DNA in the CSF of a common group of MS patients and OND controls. The two laboratories used different DNA extraction and PCR techniques in order to determine the prevalence of the\n            <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            genome in both monosymptomatic and clinically definite MS patients as well as in OND controls. In clinically definite MS patients, the VUMC and USF detection rates were 72 and 61%, respectively, and in patients with monosymptomatic MS, the VUMC and USF detection rates were 41 and 54%, respectively. The PCR signal was positive for 7% of the OND controls at VUMC and for 16% at USF. These studies confirm our previous reports concerning the high prevalence of\n            <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            in the CSF of MS patients. The presence of\n            <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            in patients with monosymptomatic MS would also suggest that infection with the organism occurs early in the course of the disease.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.9.6.1332-1337.2002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,1]],"date-time":"2002-11-01T19:04:24Z","timestamp":1036177464000},"page":"1332-1337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparative Study of the Presence of\n            <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/i>\n            in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Clinically Definite and Monosymptomatic Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Subramaniam","family":"Sriram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song-yi","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Stratton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Calabresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Ikejima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshimasa","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"265","volume":"54","year":"2000","unstructured":"Boman, J., P. M. Roblin, P. Sundstrom, M. Sundstrom, and M. Hammerschlag. 2000. Failure to detect Chlamydia pneumoniae in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology54:265-268.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011341","volume":"346","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brex, P. A., O. Ciccarelli, J. I. O'Riordan, M. Sailer, A. J. Thompson, and D. H. Miller. 2002. A longitudinal study of abnormalities on MRI and disability from multiple sclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med.346:158-164.","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1086\/322632","volume":"33","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dowell, S. F., R. W. Peeling, J. Boman, G. M. Carlone, B. S. Fields, J. Guarner, M. R. Hammerschlag, L. A. Jackson, C. C. Kuo, M. Maass, T. O. Messmer, D. F. Talkington, M. L. Tondella, and S. R. Zaki. 2001. Standardizing Chlamydia pneumoniae assays: recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA) and the Laboratory Centre for Disease Control (Canada). Clin. Infect. Dis.33:492-503.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1020","volume":"49","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gieffers, J., D. Pohl, J. Treib, R. Dittman, C. Stephan, K. Klotz, F. Hanefeld, W. Solbach, A. Haass, and M. Maass. 2001. Presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in the cerebral spinal fluid is a common phenomenon in a variety of neurological diseases and not restricted to multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol.49:585-589.","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.8.3.499-502.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458502ms815oa","volume":"8","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kaufman, M., C. Gaydos, S. Sriram, J. Boman, M. L. Tondella, and H. J. Norton. 2002. Is Chlamydia pneumoniae found in spinal fluid samples of multiple sclerosis patients? Mult. Scler.8:289-294.","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"S134","volume":"6","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kurtzke, J. F. 2000. Multiple sclerosis in time and space\u2014geographic clues to cause. J. Neurovirol.6:S134-S140.","journal-title":"J. Neurovirol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200005)47:5<652::AID-ANA15>3.0.CO;2-5","volume":"47","year":"2000","unstructured":"Layh-Schmitt, G., C. Bendi, U. Hildt, T. Dong-Si, E. Juttler, P. Schnitzler, C. Grond-Ginsbach, and A. J. Grau. 2000. Evidence for infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae in a subgroup of patients with multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol.47:652-655.","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198211043071905","volume":"307","year":"1982","unstructured":"McFarlin, D. E., and H. F. Mcfarland. 1982. Multiple sclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med.307:1183-1188.","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200009283431307","volume":"343","year":"2000","unstructured":"Noseworthy, J. H., C. Lucchinetti, M. Rodriguez, and B. G. Weinshenker. 2000. Multiple sclerosis. N. Engl. J. Med.343:938-946.","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.3.495","volume":"121","year":"1998","unstructured":"O'Riordan, J. I., A. J. Thompson, D. P. Kingsley, D. G. MacManus, B. E. Kendall, P. Rudge, W. I. McDonald, and D. H. Miller. 1998. The prognostic value of brain MRI in clinically isolated syndromes of the central nervous system. A 10-year follow-up. Brain121:495-503.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130302","volume":"13","year":"1983","unstructured":"Poser, C. M., D. W. Paty, L. Scheinberg, W. I. McDonald, F. A. Davis, G. C. Ebers, K P. Johnson, W. A. Sibley, D. H. Silberberg, and W. W. Tourtellotte. 1983. New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research. Ann. Neurol.13:227-231.","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"399","volume":"48","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pucci, E., C. Tauas, and E. Cartechini. 2000. Lack of Chlamydia infection of the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol.48:399-400.","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.5.1796-1801.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1177\/135245850100700605","volume":"7","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sotgiu, S., A. Piana, M. Pugliatti, A. Sotgiu, G. A. Deiana, E. Sgaramella, E. Muresu, and G. Rosati. 2001. Chlamydia pneumoniae in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and neurological controls. Mult. Scler.7:371-374.","journal-title":"Mult. Scler."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199907)46:1<6::AID-ANA4>3.0.CO;2-M","volume":"46","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sriram, S., C. W. Stratton, S. Yao, A. Tharp, L. Ding, J. D. Bannan, and W. M. Mitchell 1999. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection of the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol.46:6-14.","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.46.4.313","volume":"46","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tong, C. Y., and M. Sillis. 1993. Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia psittaci in sputum samples by PCR. J. Clin. Pathol.46:313-317.","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"508","volume":"9","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yamamoto, Y. 2002. PCR diagnosis of infection: detection of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.9:508-514.","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CDLI.9.6.1332-1337.2002","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CDLI.9.6.1332-1337.2002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T20:32:56Z","timestamp":1627590776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CDLI.9.6.1332-1337.2002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CDLI.9.6.1332-1337.2002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cdli.9.6.1332-1337.2002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-06-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2002-08-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}