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At the same time, both\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">D. immitis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">D. repens<\/jats:named-content>\n                    are themselves hosts to symbiotic bacteria of the genus\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Wolbachia<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , the study of which has resulted in a profound shift in the understanding of filarial biology, the mechanisms of the pathologies that they produce in their hosts, and issues related to dirofilariasis treatment. Moreover, because dirofilariasis is a vector-borne transmitted disease, their distribution and infection rates have undergone significant modifications influenced by global climate change. Despite advances in our knowledge of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">D. immitis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">D. repens<\/jats:named-content>\n                    and the pathologies that they inflict on different hosts, there are still many unknown aspects of dirofilariasis. This review is focused on human and animal dirofilariasis, including the basic morphology, biology, protein composition, and metabolism of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Dirofilaria<\/jats:named-content>\n                    species; the climate and human behavioral factors that influence distribution dynamics; the disease pathology; the host-parasite relationship; the mechanisms involved in parasite survival; the immune response and pathogenesis; and the clinical management of human and animal infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00012-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,4]],"date-time":"2012-07-04T15:44:35Z","timestamp":1341416675000},"page":"507-544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":719,"title":["Human and Animal Dirofilariasis: the Emergence of a Zoonotic Mosaic"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Fernando","family":"Sim\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy and IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar","family":"Siles-Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, IRNASA (CSIC), Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Morch\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy and IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy and IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Mellado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy and IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Carret\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Alberto","family":"Montoya-Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(90)90113-Q"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dirofilaria immitis. 5. 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