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Unfortunately, its nonspecific initial presentation combined with difficulties in culturing its causative organism produces a significant risk of delay or failure in diagnosis. The increasing popularity of rats and other rodents as pets, together with the risk of invasive or fatal disease, demands increased attention to rat bite fever as a potential diagnosis. The clinical and biological features of rat bite fever and<jats:italic>Streptobacillus moniliformis<\/jats:italic>are reviewed, providing some distinguishing features to assist the clinician and microbiologist in diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00016-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,12]],"date-time":"2007-01-12T02:11:52Z","timestamp":1168567912000},"page":"13-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":276,"title":["Rat Bite Fever and<i>Streptobacillus moniliformis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sean P.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Steele Children's Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"101","volume":"62","year":"1955","unstructured":"Adams, J. 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