{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:20:16Z","timestamp":1791346816329,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Microbiol Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Plasmodium knowlesi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is a malaria parasite that is found in nature in long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques. Naturally acquired human infections were thought to be extremely rare until a large focus of human infections was reported in 2004 in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Human infections have since been described throughout Southeast Asia, and\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is now recognized as the fifth species of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Plasmodium<\/jats:named-content>\n                    causing malaria in humans. The molecular, entomological, and epidemiological data indicate that human infections with\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    are not newly emergent and that knowlesi malaria is primarily a zoonosis. Human infections were undiagnosed until molecular detection methods that could distinguish\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    from the morphologically similar human malaria parasite\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. malariae<\/jats:named-content>\n                    became available.\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infections cause a spectrum of disease and are potentially fatal, but if detected early enough, infections in humans are readily treatable. In this review on knowlesi malaria, we describe the early studies on\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    and focus on the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical aspects, and treatment of knowlesi malaria. We also discuss the gaps in our knowledge and the challenges that lie ahead in studying the epidemiology and pathogenesis of knowlesi malaria and in the prevention and control of this zoonotic infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00079-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,3]],"date-time":"2013-04-03T10:12:14Z","timestamp":1364983934000},"page":"165-184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":432,"title":["Human Infections and Detection of Plasmodium knowlesi"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Balbir","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Malaria Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyrus","family":"Daneshvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals, Headington, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"Malaria parasites and other haemosporidia.","author":"Garnham PCC","year":"1966","unstructured":"Garnham PCC . 1966. 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