{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T18:12:27Z","timestamp":1793643147967,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":269,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]],"date-time":"2018-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545177600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001736","name":"German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I-41-416.6-2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I-41-416.6-2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001736","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003977","name":"Israel Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["999\/14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["999\/14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003977","name":"Israel Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2616\/18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2616\/18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Microbiol Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The ability of pathogenic bacteria to affect higher organisms and cause disease is one of the most dramatic properties of microorganisms. Some pathogens can establish transient colonization only, but others are capable of infecting their host for many years or even for a lifetime.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00088-18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T11:14:47Z","timestamp":1544094887000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":151,"title":["Persistent Infection and Long-Term Carriage of Typhoidal and Nontyphoidal Salmonellae"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ohad","family":"Gal-Mor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1205.050854"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01552-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02111283"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.17.1.53"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02382.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.10.5702-5709.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(97)01082-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(03)00186-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.15.7800"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.6.2593"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00579-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02293-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.63580-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.115.1.307-315.1973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.15.6667"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.4.1280"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.122153699"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.3.804-808.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2004.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2014.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/422726"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.1.1-12.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.icb.7100007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00391"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0094"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.7.2262-2275.1990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra020201"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.19.2.1222"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.5.2249-2255.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.45.1.34"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00399-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.2.311-322.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2012.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","first-page":"346","article-title":"The global burden of typhoid fever","volume":"82","author":"Crump JA","year":"2004","unstructured":"Crump JA, Luby SP, Mintz ED. 2004. The global burden of typhoid fever. Bull World Health Organ 82:346\u2013353.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32833c7ca1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1111.050168"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001923"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0505.990502"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","volume-title":"Cost estimates of foodborne illnesses","author":"USDA","year":"2017","unstructured":"USDA. 2017. Cost estimates of foodborne illnesses. US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service, Washington, DC."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","volume-title":"National Salmonella surveillance annual report, 2016","author":"CDC","year":"2018","unstructured":"CDC. 2018. National Salmonella surveillance annual report, 2016. CDC, Atlanta, GA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","first-page":"5077","article-title":"The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2016","volume":"15","author":"EFSA","year":"2017","unstructured":"EFSA. 2017. The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2016. EFSA J 15:5077.","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318457"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026880006711X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381581"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/588823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-10-36"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ711"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003611"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(03)00262-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1611.100100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/505973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-4726-9_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381594"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01375-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814002829"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000398"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268802007598"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.18602"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.05.020407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","first-page":"78","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory manifestations of typhoid fever at Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta","volume":"36","author":"Pohan HT","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pohan HT. 2004. Clinical and laboratory manifestations of typhoid fever at Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta. Acta Med Indones 36:78\u201383.","journal-title":"Acta Med Indones"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.56.8.1967-1973.1988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.1.15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.28"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2011.01701.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.99.2.283"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01489-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2016.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3420"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2011.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","first-page":"949","article-title":"Histopathology of typhoid enteritis: morphologic and immunophenotypic findings","volume":"12","author":"Kraus MD","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kraus MD, Amatya B, Kimula Y. 1999. Histopathology of typhoid enteritis: morphologic and immunophenotypic findings. Mod Pathol 12:949\u2013955.","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421555"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02233509"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.6.2302-2309.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.6.3367-3374.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.01037.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2009.06859.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01461-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00468-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu663"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2008.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.3.1002-1007.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00258-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.14.1.533"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/646608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00679.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011547"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)92194-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.11.47"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00073-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.8.2999-3003.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2010.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.3.1130-1134.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2009.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.7.2465-2467.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1574-6976.12034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.12.3567-3574.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.1.391"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.3.958-967.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(84)90301-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2006.3.9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002776"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(99)01609-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.31.2.233-237.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02625-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/1040841X.2013.837862"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.05527-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2007.0085"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-180"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.76.892.80"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2004.70.323"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-45"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081263"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008892.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03450.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000621"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00002-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.31.6.1439-1443.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268808000654"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-1348(02)00090-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.1.431-432.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-125"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00031-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2017.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365510600791724"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45630-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2257-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1996.tb03216.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_134_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-010-0211-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01637-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03099-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.074773-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2017.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201500086"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_140_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2017.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_141_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2006.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_142_2","volume-title":"CLSI guideline M58, methods for the identification of cultured microorganisms using matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry","author":"CLSI","year":"2017","unstructured":"CLSI. 2017. CLSI guideline M58, methods for the identification of cultured microorganisms using matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, 1st ed. CLSI, Wayne, PA.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_143_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01290-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_144_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05209-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_145_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00740-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_146_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00081-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_147_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.23.30544"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_148_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00527-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_149_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.1752"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_150_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004651"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_151_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036507"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_152_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/genomeA.00679-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_153_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01282-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_154_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.1.249-254.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_155_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ1221"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_156_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.074492.107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_157_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2012.0021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_158_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-217X-1-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_159_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007261"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_160_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01284-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_161_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0004.2000.580402.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_162_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.26.15173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_163_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3093"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_164_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36213"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_165_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01946-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_166_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw242"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_167_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2208.151917"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_168_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_169_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00323-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_170_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_171_2","volume-title":"Report to the Local Government Board on the enteric fever carrier, being a review of current knowledge on this subject","author":"Ledingham JCG","year":"1910","unstructured":"Ledingham JCG. 1910. Report to the Local Government Board on the enteric fever carrier, being a review of current knowledge on this subject. Wyman and Sons, London, United Kingdom."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_172_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400036378"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_173_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/6.3.345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_174_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1973.03650120071013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_175_2","volume-title":"Robert Koch: a life in medicine and bacteriology","author":"Brock TD","year":"1988","unstructured":"Brock TD. 1988. Robert Koch: a life in medicine and bacteriology. Science Tech Publishers, Madison, WI."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_176_2","first-page":"915","article-title":"The sad and tragic life of Typhoid Mary","volume":"154","author":"Brooks J","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brooks J. 1996. The sad and tragic life of Typhoid Mary. CMAJ 154:915\u2013916.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_177_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.29.1.66"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_178_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)11315-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_179_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/146.6.724"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_180_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67181-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_181_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047342"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_182_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.05468-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_183_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit723"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_184_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_185_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/377273"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_186_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.9.3495-3497.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_187_2","first-page":"357","article-title":"Salmonella carriage rate amongst school children\u2014a three year study","volume":"22","author":"Devi S","year":"1991","unstructured":"Devi S, Murray CJ. 1991. Salmonella carriage rate amongst school children\u2014a three year study. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 22:357\u2013361.","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_188_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.33.3.221"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_189_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5474.1343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_190_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(99)90024-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_191_2","first-page":"100","article-title":"Persistence of colonization time in patients infected by Salmonella","volume":"36","author":"Berezin EN","year":"1990","unstructured":"Berezin EN, Carvalho EDS, Farhat CK, Mimica IM, Mimica L, Raphaelian TA. 1990. Persistence of colonization time in patients infected by Salmonella. AMB Rev Assoc Med Bras 36:100\u2013106. (In Portuguese.)","journal-title":"AMB Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_192_2","first-page":"1185","article-title":"Clinical features and analysis of the duration of colonisation during an outbreak of Salmonella braenderup gastroenteritis","volume":"130","author":"Rossier P","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rossier P, Urfer E, Burnens A, Bille J, Francioli P, Mean F, Zwahlen A. 2000. Clinical features and analysis of the duration of colonisation during an outbreak of Salmonella braenderup gastroenteritis. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 130:1185\u20131191.","journal-title":"Schweiz Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_193_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800061975"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_194_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.34.8.841"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_195_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000862107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_196_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2006.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_197_2","first-page":"1198","article-title":"Common bile duct stones: a cause of chronic salmonellosis","volume":"87","author":"Lai CW","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lai CW, Chan RC, Cheng AF, Sung JY, Leung JW. 1992. Common bile duct stones: a cause of chronic salmonellosis. Am J Gastroenterol 87:1198\u20131199.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_198_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/inf.1983.15.issue-1.04"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_199_2","first-page":"1253","article-title":"Clinical spectrum and carrier state of nontyphoidal salmonella infections in infants and children","volume":"110","author":"Kazemi M","year":"1974","unstructured":"Kazemi M, Gumpert G, Marks MI. 1974. Clinical spectrum and carrier state of nontyphoidal salmonella infections in infants and children. Can Med Assoc J 110:1253\u20131257.","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_200_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196909182811202"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_201_2","article-title":"Antibiotics for treating salmonella gut infections","volume":"2000","author":"Sirinavin S","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sirinavin S, Garner P. 2000. Antibiotics for treating salmonella gut infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000:CD001167.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_202_2","first-page":"1004","article-title":"Treatment of Salmonella enteritis and its effect on the carrier state","volume":"104","author":"Smith ER","year":"1971","unstructured":"Smith ER, Badley BW. 1971. Treatment of Salmonella enteritis and its effect on the carrier state. Can Med Assoc J 104:1004\u20131006.","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_203_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01189-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_204_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001097"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_205_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2010.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_206_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2490"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_207_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00786-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_208_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"Recurrent wound sinuses after cholecystectomy for Salmonella paratyphi","volume":"64","author":"Tuononen S","year":"1975","unstructured":"Tuononen S, Klintrup H, Mokka R. 1975. Recurrent wound sinuses after cholecystectomy for Salmonella paratyphi. Ann Chir Gynaecol Fenn 64:22\u201323.","journal-title":"Ann Chir Gynaecol Fenn"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_209_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006098107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_210_2","first-page":"361","article-title":"Persistence of the Salmonella typhi-paratyphi carrier state after gallbladder removal","volume":"16","author":"Ristori C","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ristori C, Rodriguez H, Vicent P, Ferreccio C, Garcia J, Lobos H, D\u2019Ottone K. 1982. Persistence of the Salmonella typhi-paratyphi carrier state after gallbladder removal. Bull Pan Am Health Organ 16:361\u2013366.","journal-title":"Bull Pan Am Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_211_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2011.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_212_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.4.1571-1576.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_213_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.7.1791-1792.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_214_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/118.4.393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_215_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.72.3.1833-1842.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_216_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-71.4.699"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_217_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00656-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_218_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031319"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_219_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030193"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_220_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.1.1.5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_221_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03223-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_222_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.12.7873-7879.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_223_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0307945021000005879"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_224_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.39"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_225_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-13-253"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_226_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051614"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_227_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01020-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_228_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_229_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268815002794"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_230_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680109400306"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_231_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(01)02098-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_232_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90135-D"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_233_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R115.643973"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_234_2","first-page":"806","article-title":"The guinea pig as a model for the asymptomatic human typhoid carrier","volume":"27","author":"Lavergne GM","year":"1977","unstructured":"Lavergne GM, James HF, Martineau C, Diena BB, Lior H. 1977. The guinea pig as a model for the asymptomatic human typhoid carrier. Lab Anim Sci 27:806\u2013816.","journal-title":"Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_235_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VIRU.0000012260.32578.72"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_236_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.9.3475-3479.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_237_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(01)01975-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_238_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(03)00070-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_239_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2008.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_240_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524023362492"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_241_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2012.00332.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_242_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2006.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_243_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2014.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_244_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001043"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_245_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/fty023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_246_2","first-page":"177","article-title":"Detection of Salmonella typhi carriers in food handlers by Vi serology in Lima, Peru","volume":"24","author":"Lanata CF","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lanata CF, Tafur C, Benavente L, Gotuzzo E, Carrillo C. 1990. Detection of Salmonella typhi carriers in food handlers by Vi serology in Lima, Peru. Bull Pan Am Health Organ 24:177\u2013182.","journal-title":"Bull Pan Am Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_247_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90401-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_248_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.6.3358-3366.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_249_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_250_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.5.2720-2727.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_251_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.2.629-640.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_252_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04666.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_253_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2008.06461.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_254_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024120"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_255_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5830.813"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_256_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002335"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_257_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00412-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_258_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000671"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_259_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04444.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_260_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.2.553-563.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_261_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05420.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_262_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00060-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_263_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/119.4.771"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_264_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir1032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_265_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01733-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_266_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1964.13.425"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_267_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2018.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_268_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_269_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000041107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_270_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2852"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CMR.00088-18","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CMR.00088-18","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T12:53:38Z","timestamp":1645620818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CMR.00088-18"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]]},"references-count":269,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CMR.00088-18"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cmr.00088-18","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-8512","1098-6618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-8512","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-6618","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-11-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00088-18"}}