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These T cells participate in immune responses that protect hosts from microbes such as\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:named-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Leishmania major<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella enterica<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , which have evolved to live in the phagosomes of macrophages and dendritic cells. Here, we review studies indicating that CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells control phagosomal infections asymptomatically in most individuals by secreting cytokines that activate the microbicidal activities of infected phagocytes but in a way that inhibits the pathogen but does not eliminate it. Indeed, we make the case that localized, controlled, persistent infection is necessary to maintain large numbers of CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    effector T cells in a state of activation needed to eradicate systemic and more pathogenic forms of the infection. Finally, we posit that current vaccines for phagosomal infections fail because they do not produce this \u201cperiodic reminder\u201d form of CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cell-mediated immune control.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00097-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,2]],"date-time":"2014-04-02T13:05:34Z","timestamp":1396443934000},"page":"200-213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["CD4\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    T Cells: Guardians of the Phagosome"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Noah J.","family":"Tubo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology, Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc K.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology, Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092488"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","volume-title":"Janeway's immunobiology","author":"Murphy KM","year":"2012","unstructured":"Murphy KM . 2012. 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