{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T14:36:21Z","timestamp":1790001381085,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Microbiol Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Paragonimiasis is a parasitic lung infection caused by lung flukes of the genus\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Paragonimus<\/jats:named-content>\n            , with most cases reported from Asia and caused by\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. westermani<\/jats:named-content>\n            following consumption of raw or undercooked crustaceans. With the exception of imported\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. westermani<\/jats:named-content>\n            cases in immigrants, in travelers returning from areas of disease endemicity, and in clusters of acquired cases following consumption of imported Asian crabs, human paragonimiasis caused by native lung flukes is rarely described in the United States, which has only one indigenous species of lung fluke,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Paragonimus kellicotti<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Clinicians should inquire about the consumption of raw or undercooked freshwater crabs by immigrants, expatriates, and returning travelers, and the consumption of raw or undercooked crayfish in U.S. freshwater river systems where\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. kellicotti<\/jats:named-content>\n            is endemic when evaluating patients presenting with unexplained fever, cough, rales, hemoptysis, pleural effusions, and peripheral eosinophilia. Diagnostic evaluation by specific parasitological, radiological, serological, and molecular methods will be required in order to differentiate paragonimiasis from tuberculosis, which is not uncommon in recent Asian immigrants. All cases of imported and locally acquired paragonimiasis will require treatment with oral praziquantel to avoid any potential pulmonary and cerebral complications of paragonimiasis, some of which may require surgical interventions.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00103-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,3]],"date-time":"2013-07-03T20:22:18Z","timestamp":1372882938000},"page":"493-504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Paragonimiasis Acquired in the United States: Native and Nonnative Species"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"James H.","family":"Diaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00005-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60149-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/605534"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"274","volume-title":"The Wellcome Trust illustrated history of tropical diseases","author":"Muller R","year":"1996","unstructured":"Muller R . 1996. 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