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Children and immunodeficient individuals are disproportionately affected, especially in developing countries, where cryptosporidiosis contributes substantially to morbidity and mortality in preschool-age children. Despite the enormous disease burden from cryptosporidiosis, no antiprotozoal agent or vaccine exists for effective treatment or prevention. Cryptosporidiosis involving the respiratory tract has been described for avian species and mammals, including immunocompromised humans. Recent evidence indicates that respiratory cryptosporidiosis may occur commonly in immunocompetent children with cryptosporidial diarrhea and unexplained cough. Findings from animal models, human case reports, and a few epidemiological studies suggest that\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:named-content>\n                    may be transmitted via respiratory secretions, in addition to the more recognized fecal-oral route. It is postulated that transmission of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:named-content>\n                    oocysts may occur by inhalation of aerosolized droplets or by contact with fomites contaminated by coughing. Delineating the role of the respiratory tract in disease transmission may provide necessary evidence to establish further guidelines for prevention of cryptosporidiosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00115-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,30]],"date-time":"2014-06-30T16:27:55Z","timestamp":1404145675000},"page":"575-586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["The Evolution of Respiratory Cryptosporidiosis: Evidence for Transmission by Inhalation"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Jerlyn K.","family":"Sponseller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey K.","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saul","family":"Tzipori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60844-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0749"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1994.11812856"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2004.216","article-title":"Cryptosporidium spp., a frequent cause of diarrhea among children at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana","volume":"57","author":"Adjei AA","year":"2004","unstructured":"Adjei AA Armah H Rodrigues O Renner L Borketey P Ayeh-Kumi P Adiku T Sifah E Lartey M . 2004. 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