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Disease manifestations range from non-invasive superficial skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis. Invasive disease is usually associated with co-morbidities, immunosuppression, and advancing age. The crude incidence of invasive disease approaches that of the closely related pathogen,\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Genomic epidemiology using whole-genome sequencing has revealed important insights into global SDSE population dynamics including emerging lineages and spread of anti-microbial resistance. It has also complemented observations of overlapping pathobiology between SDSE and\n                    <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    , including shared virulence factors and mobile gene content, potentially underlying shared pathogen phenotypes. This review provides an overview of the clinical and genomic epidemiology, disease manifestations, treatment, and virulence determinants of human infections with SDSE with a particular focus on its overlap with\n                    <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In doing so, we highlight the importance of understanding the overlap of SDSE and\n                    <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    to inform surveillance and disease control strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00175-23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T10:29:16Z","timestamp":1718015356000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["<i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae<\/i>\n                    subsp.\n                    <i>equisimilis<\/i>\n                    infection and its intersection with\n                    <i>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5032-1932","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ouli","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6141-5179","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark R.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1368-8356","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Steven Y. 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