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Cysteine proteinases are a key virulence factor of E. histolytica and play a role in intestinal invasion by degrading the extracellular matrix and circumventing the host immune response through cleavage of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), IgG, and activation of complement. Cysteine proteinases are encoded by at least seven genes, several of which are found in E. histolytica but not E. dispar. A number of new animal models, including the formation of liver abscesses in SCID mice and intestinal infection in human intestinal xenografts, have proven useful to confirm the critical role of cysteine proteinases in invasion. Detailed structural analysis of cysteine proteinases should provide further insights into their biochemical function and may facilitate the design of specific inhibitors which could be used as potential chemotherapeutic agents in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.13.2.196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,19]],"date-time":"2018-10-19T16:31:55Z","timestamp":1539966715000},"page":"196-206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":374,"title":["Cysteine Proteinases and the Pathogenesis of Amebiasis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xuchu","family":"Que","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of California San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, California 92103-8416"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of California San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, California 92103-8416"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/174.1.157","article-title":"Humoral and mucosal IgA antibody response to a recombinant 52-kDa cysteine-rich portion of the Entamoeba histolytica galactose-inhibitable lectin correlates with detection of native 170-kDa lectin antigen in serum of patients with amebic colitis.","volume":"174","author":"Abou-El-Magd I.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Abou-El-Magd I. 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