{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T13:07:53Z","timestamp":1759410473263},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin. Vaccine Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reduced immune responses to repeated polysaccharide vaccination have been previously reported, but there are limited immunogenicity data on the use of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PSV) followed by meningococcal conjugate vaccine. Saudi Arabian adolescents (aged 16 to 19 years) who had previously been vaccinated with \u22651 dose of bivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine and 1 dose of quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide (MPSV4) were enrolled in a controlled, randomized, and modified observer-blind study (collectively termed the PSV-exposed group). The PSV-exposed group was randomized to receive either quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 145 PSV-exposed\/MCV4 group) or MPSV4 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 142 PSV-exposed\/MPSV4 group), and a PSV-na\u00efve group received MCV4 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 163). Serum samples collected prevaccination and 28 days postvaccination were measured by baby rabbit serum bactericidal antibody (rSBA) assay, and vaccine tolerability and safety were also evaluated. For each serogroup, the postvaccination geometric mean titers (GMTs) were significantly higher in the PSV-na\u00efve group than in either group comprised of the PSV-exposed participants. The postvaccination serogroup C rSBA GMT was significantly higher in the PSV-MCV4 group than in the PSV-MPSV4 group after adjusting for prevaccination GMTs. Although not statistically significant, similar differences were observed for serogroups A, Y, and W-135. No worrisome safety signals were detected. This study demonstrated MCV4 to be safe and immunogenic in those who had previously received polysaccharide vaccination, and it suggests that conjugate vaccine can partially compensate for the hyporesponsiveness seen with repeated doses of polysaccharide vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00039-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,3]],"date-time":"2012-05-03T03:47:04Z","timestamp":1336016824000},"page":"999-1004","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Immunogenicity and Safety of a Meningococcal Quadrivalent Conjugate Vaccine in Saudi Arabian Adolescents Previously Vaccinated with One Dose of Bivalent and Quadrivalent Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccines: a Phase III, Controlled, Randomized, and Modified Blind-Observer Study"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yagob","family":"Al-Mazrou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Findlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Chadha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Bosch Castells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David R.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ray","family":"Borrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20180919073614_B1","first-page":"1410","article-title":"Changes in epidemiological pattern of Meningococcal disease in Saudi Arabia. Does it constitute a new challenge for prevention and control?","volume":"25","author":"Al-Mazrou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Saudi Med. J."},{"key":"key20180919073614_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00317-0","article-title":"Reduced antibody response to revaccination with meningococcal serogroup A polysaccharide vaccine in adults","volume":"19","author":"Borrow","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"key20180919073614_B3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention and control of meningococcal disease. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices","volume":"54","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2005","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm. 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CDR Wkly."},{"key":"key20180919073614_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.11.1.83-88.2004","article-title":"Immunologic hyporesponsiveness to serogroup C but not serogroup A following repeated meningococcal A\/C polysaccharide vaccination in Saudi Arabia","volume":"11","author":"Jokhdar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"key20180919073614_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.159.10.907","article-title":"Safety, immunogenicity, and immune memory of a novel meningococcal (groups A, C, Y, and W-135) polysaccharide diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (MCV-4) in healthy adolescents","volume":"159","author":"Keyserling","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med."},{"key":"key20180919073614_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.12.10.1251-1253.2005","article-title":"Immunogenicity of meningococcal ACYW135 polysaccharide vaccine in Saudi children 5 to 9 years of age","volume":"12","author":"Khalil","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"key20180919073614_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3778","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00318-3","article-title":"Prior meningococcal A\/C polysaccharide vaccine does not reduce immune responses to conjugate vaccine in young adults","volume":"20","author":"Lakshman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"key20180919073614_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/175.1.200","article-title":"Induction of immunologic memory in Gambian children by vaccination in infancy with a group A plus group C meningococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine","volume":"175","author":"Leach","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073614_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.4.2.156-167.1997","article-title":"Standardization and a multilaboratory comparison of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A and C serum bactericidal assays. The Multilaboratory Study Group","volume":"4","author":"Maslanka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"key20180919073614_B13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Statement on conjugate meningococcal vaccine for serogroups A, C, Y and W135. An Advisory Committee Statement (ACS)","volume":"33","author":"National Advisory Committee on Immunisation","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can. Commun. Dis. Rep."},{"key":"key20180919073614_B14","unstructured":"U. S. National Institutes of Health. 2012. January 6, posting date. Immunogenicity and safety of Menactra vaccine in adolescents in Saudi Arabia. http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00444951?term=MTA40&rank=1."},{"key":"key20180919073614_B15","first-page":"331","article-title":"Meningococcal vaccines: polysaccharide and polysaccharide conjugate vaccines","volume":"77","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2002","journal-title":"Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec."}],"container-title":["Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1128\/CVI.00039-12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T20:47:29Z","timestamp":1627591649000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CVI.00039-12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CVI.00039-12"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cvi.00039-12","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]}}}