{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:31:36Z","timestamp":1787016696788,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin. Vaccine Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Due to the limited sensitivities of stool-based microscopy and\/or culture techniques for\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    , the detection of antibodies to this intestinal nematode is relied upon as a surrogate for determining exposure status or making a diagnosis of\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    infection. Here, we evaluated three immunoassays, including the recently released InBios Strongy Detect IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (InBios International, Inc., Seattle, WA), the SciMedx\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Strongyloides<\/jats:named-content>\n                    serology microwell ELISA (SciMedx Corporation, Denville, NJ), and the luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assay performed at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), for their detection of IgG antibodies to\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    . A total of 101 retrospective serum samples, previously submitted for routine\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. stercoralis<\/jats:named-content>\n                    antibody detection using the SciMedx assay, were also evaluated by the InBios and LIPS assays. The qualitative results from each assay were compared using a Venn diagram analysis, to the consensus result among the three assays, and each ELISA was also evaluated using the LIPS assay as the reference standard. By Venn diagram analysis, 65% (66\/101) of the samples demonstrated perfect agreement by all three assays. Also, the numbers of samples considered positive or negative by a single method were similar. Compared to the consensus result, the overall percent agreement of the InBios, SciMedx, and LIPS assays were comparable at 87.1%, 84.2%, and 89.1%, respectively. Finally, the two ELISAs performed analogously but demonstrated only moderate agreement (kappa coefficient for the two assays, 0.53) with the LIPS assay. Collectively, while the two commercially available ELISAs perform equivalently, neither should be used independently of clinical evaluation to diagnose strongyloidiasis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00041-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,20]],"date-time":"2014-03-20T00:36:26Z","timestamp":1395275786000},"page":"732-736","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Comparison of Three Immunoassays for Detection of Antibodies to Strongyloides stercoralis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Neil W.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane M.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarina M.","family":"Dornink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah J.","family":"Jespersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Kubofcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas B.","family":"Nutman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"Merrigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc Roger","family":"Couturier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elitza S.","family":"Theel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20180919073732_B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2288","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002288","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis: global distribution and risk factors","volume":"7","author":"Sch\u00e4r","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32833df718","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis: there but not seen","volume":"23","author":"Montes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0214","article-title":"Soil-transmitted helminthiasis in the United States: a systematic review\u20131940\u20132010","volume":"85","author":"Starr","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2002","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002002","article-title":"The laboratory diagnosis and follow up of strongyloidiasis: a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Requena-M\u00e9ndez","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1584.2005.00710.x","article-title":"Strongyloidiasis: a review of the evidence for Australian practitioners","volume":"13","author":"Johnston","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aust. J. Rural Health"},{"key":"key20180919073732_B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"f4610","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f4610","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis infection","volume":"347","author":"Greaves","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key20180919073732_B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.1.208-217.2004","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis in the immunocompromised population","volume":"17","author":"Keiser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1086\/630201","article-title":"Strongyloidiasis in transplant patients","volume":"49","author":"Roxby","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199903113401006","article-title":"The cost effectiveness of strategies for the treatment of intestinal parasites in immigrants","volume":"340","author":"Muennig","year":"1999","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.01.020","article-title":"Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome: an emerging global infectious disease","volume":"102","author":"Marcos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555816728.ch141","article-title":"Nematodes","volume-title":"Manual of clinical microbiology","author":"Sheorey","year":"2011","edition":"10th ed."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2035","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002035","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren in Cambodia","volume":"7","author":"Khieu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.34.10.2569-2571.1996","article-title":"Patterns of detection of Strongyloides stercoralis in stool specimens: implications for diagnosis and clinical trials","volume":"34","author":"Dreyer","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B14","first-page":"616","article-title":"Improved diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis by seven consecutive stool specimens","volume":"263","author":"Nielsen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Mikrobiol. Hyg. A"},{"key":"key20180919073732_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.749","article-title":"Serology and eosinophil count in the diagnosis and management of strongyloidiasis in a non-endemic area","volume":"66","author":"Loutfy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00259-10","article-title":"Improved diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis using recombinant antigen-based serologies in a community-wide study in northern Argentina","volume":"17","author":"Krolewiecki","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1086\/589718","article-title":"A luciferase immunoprecipitation systems assay enhances the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection","volume":"198","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01735-06","article-title":"Use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and dipstick assay for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in humans","volume":"45","author":"van Doorn","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2640","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002640","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of five serologic tests for Strongyloides stercoralis infection","volume":"8","author":"Bisoffi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1086\/429724","article-title":"An elderly man with immunosuppression, shortness of breath, and eosinophilia","volume":"40","author":"Abdalla","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02364-09","article-title":"Evaluation of a rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis","volume":"48","author":"Bon","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"key20180919073732_B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.2307\/2529786","article-title":"An application of hierarchical kappa-type statistics in the assessment of majority agreement among multiple observers","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1128\/CVI.00041-14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T06:14:14Z","timestamp":1689056054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CVI.00041-14"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"C. J.","family":"Papasian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,19]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CVI.00041-14"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cvi.00041-14","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,19]]}}}