{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:30:27Z","timestamp":1787016627087,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,1]],"date-time":"2013-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We conducted a long-term follow-up study in patients with rheumatic diseases who were candidates for biologics treatment to evaluate the effects of biologic agents on the risk of tuberculosis infection and the effect of prophylactic treatment on tuberculosis activation. One hundred one patients with rheumatic diseases who were candidates for biologics treatment were recruited, and 57 healthy subjects were recruited as controls. Tuberculin skin test (TST) and the T-SPOT.TB test were performed for all subjects at baseline. Follow-up testing by the T-SPOT.TB assay was performed every 6 months in patients with rheumatic diseases and at 2 years of recruitment in the healthy controls. In patients with rheumatic diseases and healthy controls, the TST-positive (induration, \u226510 mm) rates were 37.6% (38\/101) and 34.0% (18\/53), respectively (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt; 0.05), while the T-SPOT.TB-positive rates were 46.5% (47\/101) and 21.1 (12\/57), respectively (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.0019). Fifty-two patients were followed up at month 6 with a T-SPOT.TB-positive rate of 40.4%, and 49 were followed up for \u226512 months with a T-SPOT.TB-positive rate of 36.7%, with no significant difference in the positive rate at different time points including baseline (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt; 0.05). Long-term follow-up revealed that conversion to T-SPOT.TB positivity occurred only in the biologics treatment group, with a positive conversion rate of 11.2% (4\/38). Most importantly, no latent tuberculosis developed into active tuberculosis during follow-up with T-SPOT.TB screening and preemptive treatment with isoniazid. Biologics treatment appears to increase the risk of tuberculosis infection. However, tuberculosis activation could be prevented by preemptive isoniazid treatment in patients with latent tuberculosis infection while receiving biologics therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00049-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T03:03:57Z","timestamp":1365044637000},"page":"842-847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["High Incidence of Tuberculosis Infection in Rheumatic Diseases and Impact for Chemoprophylactic Prevention of Tuberculosis Activation during Biologics Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Dongyi","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guang Hua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengmin","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guang Hua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guang Hua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guang Hua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guang Hua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guang Hua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyun","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhua","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hejian","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08215-6","article-title":"Treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis with infliximab: a randomised controlled multicentre trial","volume":"359","author":"Braun J","year":"2002","unstructured":"BraunJ BrandtJ ListingJ ZinkA AltenR GolderW Gromnica-IhleE KellnerH KrauseA SchneiderM SorensenH ZeidlerH ThrieneW SieperJ. 2002. Treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis with infliximab: a randomised controlled multicentre trial. Lancet 359:1187\u20131193.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2003.09.010","article-title":"The transfer of a laboratory based hypothesis to a clinically useful therapy: the development of anti-TNF therapy of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"18","author":"Feldmann M","year":"2004","unstructured":"FeldmannM BrennanFM WilliamsRO WoodyJN MainiRN. 2004. The transfer of a laboratory based hypothesis to a clinically useful therapy: the development of anti-TNF therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol. 18:59\u201380.","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08512-4","article-title":"Maintenance infliximab for Crohn's disease: the ACCENT I randomised trial","volume":"359","author":"Hanauer SB","year":"2002","unstructured":"HanauerSB FeaganBG LichtensteinGR MayerLF SchreiberS ColombelJF RachmilewitzD WolfDC OlsonA BaoW RutgeertsP. 2002. Maintenance infliximab for Crohn's disease: the ACCENT I randomised trial. Lancet 359:1541\u20131549.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"1670","article-title":"Good clinical response, remission, and predictors of remission in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockers: the GISEA study","volume":"34","author":"Mancarella L","year":"2007","unstructured":"MancarellaL Bobbio-PallaviciniF CeccarelliF FalapponePC FerranteA MalesciD MassaraA NacciF SecchiME ManganelliS SalaffiF BambaraML BombardieriS CutoloM FerriC GaleazziM GerliR GiacomelliR GrassiW LapadulaG CerinicMM MontecuccoC TrottaF TrioloG ValentiniG ValesiniG FerraccioliGF. 2007. Good clinical response, remission, and predictors of remission in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockers: the GISEA study. J. Rheumatol. 34:1670\u20131673.","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23721","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology 2008 recommendations for the use of nonbiologic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"59","author":"Saag KG","year":"2008","unstructured":"SaagKG TengGG PatkarNM AnuntiyoJ FinneyC CurtisJR PaulusHE MudanoA PisuM Elkins-MeltonM OutmanR AllisonJJ Suarez AlmazorM BridgesSLJr ChathamWW HochbergM MacLeanC MikulsT MorelandLW O'DellJ TurkiewiczAM FurstDE. 2008. American College of Rheumatology 2008 recommendations for the use of nonbiologic and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 59:762\u2013784.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21137","article-title":"Risk and case characteristics of tuberculosis in rheumatoid arthritis associated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists in Sweden","volume":"52","author":"Askling J","year":"2005","unstructured":"AsklingJ ForedCM BrandtL BaecklundE BertilssonL CosterL GeborekP JacobssonLT LindbladS LysholmJ Rantapaa-DahlqvistS SaxneT RomanusV KlareskogL FelteliusN. 2005. Risk and case characteristics of tuberculosis in rheumatoid arthritis associated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists in Sweden. Arthritis Rheum. 52:1986\u20131992.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2122","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11137","article-title":"Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors may predispose to significant increase in tuberculosis risk: a multicenter active-surveillance report","volume":"48","author":"Gomez-Reino JJ","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gomez-ReinoJJ CarmonaL ValverdeVR MolaEM MonteroMD. 2003. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors may predispose to significant increase in tuberculosis risk: a multicenter active-surveillance report. Arthritis Rheum. 48:2122\u20132127.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00028510","article-title":"The risk of tuberculosis related to tumour necrosis factor antagonist therapies: a TBNET consensus statement","volume":"36","author":"Solovic I","year":"2010","unstructured":"SolovicI SesterM Gomez-ReinoJJ RiederHL EhlersS MilburnHJ KampmannB HellmichB GrovesR SchreiberS WallisRS SotgiuG ScholvinckEH GolettiD ZellwegerJP DielR CarmonaL BartalesiF RavnP BossinkA DuarteR ErkensC ClarkJ MiglioriGB LangeC. 2010. The risk of tuberculosis related to tumour necrosis factor antagonist therapies: a TBNET consensus statement. Eur. Respir. J. 36:1185\u20131206.","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. 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Arthritis Rheum. 31:315\u2013324.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780341003","article-title":"The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondylarthropathy","volume":"34","author":"Dougados M","year":"1991","unstructured":"DougadosM van der LindenS JuhlinR HuitfeldtB AmorB CalinA CatsA DijkmansB OlivieriI PaseroG. 1991. The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondylarthropathy. 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Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.118935","article-title":"Drug-specific risk of tuberculosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-TNF therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register (BSRBR)","volume":"69","author":"Dixon WG","year":"2010","unstructured":"DixonWG HyrichKL WatsonKD LuntM GallowayJ UstianowskiA SymmonsDP. 2010. Drug-specific risk of tuberculosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-TNF therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register (BSRBR). Ann. Rheum. Dis. 69:522\u2013528.","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. 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Arthritis Rheum. 60:1884\u20131894.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011110","article-title":"Tuberculosis associated with infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor alpha-neutralizing agent","volume":"345","author":"Keane J","year":"2001","unstructured":"KeaneJ GershonS WiseRP Mirabile-LevensE KasznicaJ SchwietermanWD SiegelJN BraunMM. 2001. Tuberculosis associated with infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor alpha-neutralizing agent. N. Engl. J. Med. 345:1098\u20131104.","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1086\/421494","article-title":"Tuberculosis following the use of etanercept, a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor","volume":"39","author":"Mohan AK","year":"2004","unstructured":"MohanAK CoteTR BlockJA ManadanAM SiegelJN BraunMM. 2004. Tuberculosis following the use of etanercept, a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor. Clin. Infect. Dis. 39:295\u2013299.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00028510","article-title":"The risk of tuberculosis related to tumour necrosis factor antagonist therapies: a TBNET consensus statement","volume":"36","author":"Solovic I","year":"2010","unstructured":"SolovicI SesterM Gomez-ReinoJJ RiederHL EhlersS MilburnHJ KampmannB HellmichB GrovesR SchreiberS WallisRS SotgiuG Sch\u00f6lvinckEH GolettiD ZellwegerJP DielR CarmonaL BartalesiF RavnP BossinkA DuarteR ErkensC ClarkJ MiglioriGB LangeC. 2010. The risk of tuberculosis related to tumour necrosis factor antagonist therapies: a TBNET consensus statement. Eur. Respir. J. 36:1185\u20131206.","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."}],"container-title":["Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CVI.00049-13","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CVI.00049-13","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T16:49:24Z","timestamp":1627577364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CVI.00049-13"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CVI.00049-13"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cvi.00049-13","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-01-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-03-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-05-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}