{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T04:29:22Z","timestamp":1778905762643,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]],"date-time":"2008-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) based on a broadly conserved, species-specific, B-cell epitope within the C terminus of<jats:italic>Babesia bigemina<\/jats:italic>rhoptry-associated protein 1a was validated for international use. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed 16% inhibition as the threshold for a negative result, with an associated specificity of 98.3% and sensitivity of 94.7%. Increasing the threshold to 21% increased the specificity to 100% but modestly decreased the sensitivity to 87.2%. By using 21% inhibition, the positive predictive values ranged from 90.7% (10% prevalence) to 100% (95% prevalence) and the negative predictive values ranged from 97.0% (10% prevalence) to 48.2% (95% prevalence). The assay was able to detect serum antibody as early as 7 days after intravenous inoculation. The cELISA was distributed to five different laboratories along with a reference set of 100 defined bovine serum samples, including known positive, known negative, and field samples. The pairwise concordance among the five laboratories ranged from 100% to 97%, and all kappa values were above 0.8, indicating a high degree of reliability. Overall, the cELISA appears to have the attributes necessary for international application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00150-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,17]],"date-time":"2008-07-17T01:39:58Z","timestamp":1216258798000},"page":"1316-1321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Validation of a Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of<i>Babesia bigemina<\/i>Antibodies in Cattle"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Will L.","family":"Goff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland 4105"},{"name":"Tick Fever Centre Wacol, Wacol, Queensland 4076, Australia"},{"name":"CENID-PAVET, INIFAP, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Parasites, Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort 0110, Republic of South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendell C.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland 4105"},{"name":"Tick Fever Centre Wacol, Wacol, Queensland 4076, Australia"},{"name":"CENID-PAVET, INIFAP, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Parasites, Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort 0110, Republic of South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John B.","family":"Molloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland 4105"},{"name":"Tick Fever Centre Wacol, Wacol, Queensland 4076, Australia"},{"name":"CENID-PAVET, INIFAP, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Parasites, Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort 0110, Republic of South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wayne K.","family":"Jorgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland 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Scott","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland 4105"},{"name":"Tick Fever Centre Wacol, Wacol, Queensland 4076, Australia"},{"name":"CENID-PAVET, INIFAP, Jiutepec, Morelos 62550, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Parasites, Vectors and Vector-Borne Diseases, Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort 0110, Republic of South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Travis C.","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland 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