{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:47:50Z","timestamp":1790894870946,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A previously developed competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) based on a species-specific, broadly conserved, and tandemly repeated B-cell epitope within the C terminus of rhoptry-associated protein 1 of\n            <jats:italic>Babesia bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            was refined and validated for use internationally. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed an assay with a specificity and positive predictive value of 100% and a sensitivity of 91.1%, with various negative predictive values depending on the level of disease prevalence. The cELISA was distributed to four different laboratories, along with a reference set of 100 defined bovine sera, including known-positive, known-negative, and field samples. Pairwise concordances among the four laboratories ranged from 94% to 88%. Analysis of variance of the resulting optical densities and a test of homogeneity indicated no significant difference among the laboratories. Overall, the cELISA appears to have the attributes necessary for international application.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00196-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,7]],"date-time":"2006-11-07T18:02:51Z","timestamp":1162922571000},"page":"1212-1216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Validation of a Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Antibodies against\n            <i>Babesia bovis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Will L.","family":"Goff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John B.","family":"Molloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendell C.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos E.","family":"Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Pino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelkebir","family":"Rhalem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Sahibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Ceci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grazia","family":"Carelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. Scott","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Travis C.","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald P.","family":"Knowles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry F.","family":"McElwain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington 99164-6630"},{"name":"Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, Queensland, 4105, Australia"},{"name":"Veterinary Clinic, Route 349 KM1.0 Interior, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico 00680"},{"name":"Department de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, 6202 Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health and Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine\u2014University of Bari, Strada per Casamassima km 3-70010 Valenzano (Ba.), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00171-4","volume":"74","year":"1998","unstructured":"Araujo, F. 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