{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:13:09Z","timestamp":1787508789801,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    serological screening is recommended for people potentially exposed to this parasite in countries where\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    is endemic and those where it is not endemic. Blood samples on filter paper may be a practical alternative to plasma\/serum for antibody detection. Using the Architect Chagas assay, we detected the presence of IgG against\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">T. cruzi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    in matched serum and dried blood spots (DBS) collected from 147 patients residing in Madrid, Spain, who had potential previous exposure to\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">T. cruzi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    . The \u03ba statistic for the DBS\/serum proportion of agreement for the detection of antibodies against\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">T. cruzi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    was 0.803, considering an S\/CO (assay result unit; chemiluminescent signal from the sample [S] divided by the mean chemiluminescent signal for the three calibrators used in the test [CO]) cutoff value of \u22651.00. The relative sensitivity of the Architect test using DBS increased from 95.2% to 98.8% when the cutoff was lowered from \u22651.00 to \u22650.88, while the relative specificity decreased from 84.1% to 71.6%. Overall, the median S\/CO values for DBS were significantly lower than those for serum (2.6 versus 6.5;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001). Discrepancies that occurred with the use of DBS included 10 false positives (with low S\/CO values in 9 cases [median, 2.13]) and 4 false negatives, with mean S\/CO values of 0.905 (gray zone). Using DBS plus a highly sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) may be a simple and reliable method for detecting IgG against\n                    <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">T. cruzi<\/jats:named-content>\n                    when blood sampling by venipuncture is not feasible. This method may also reduce the false-negative rates observed with some rapid diagnostic tests. The lower relative sensitivity compared to the reference method may be increased by lowering the optical density threshold.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00221-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,5]],"date-time":"2013-06-05T23:57:28Z","timestamp":1370476648000},"page":"1197-1202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Dried Blood as an Alternative to Plasma or Serum for Trypanosoma cruzi IgG Detection in Screening Programs"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Africa","family":"Holgu\u00edn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Microbiology Department, IRYCIS-Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal and CIBER-ESP, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases Department, IRYCIS-Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Microbiology Department, IRYCIS-Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal and CIBER-ESP, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Luisa","family":"Mateos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, IRYCIS-Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Chac\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, IRYCIS-Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rogelio","family":"L\u00f3pez-V\u00e9lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases Department, IRYCIS-Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"P\u00e9rez-Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases Department, IRYCIS-Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60061-X","article-title":"Chagas disease","volume":"375","author":"Rassi A","year":"2010","unstructured":"RassiAJr RassiA Marin-NetoJA . 2010. Chagas disease. Lancet 375: 1388\u2013 1402.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-012-0259-3","article-title":"Chagas disease in non-endemic countries: epidemiology, clinical presentation and treatment","volume":"14","author":"Perez-Molina JA","year":"2012","unstructured":"Perez-MolinaJA NormanF Lopez-VelezR . 2012. Chagas disease in non-endemic countries: epidemiology, clinical presentation and treatment. Curr. Infect. Dis. Rep. 14: 263\u2013 274.","journal-title":"Curr. Infect. Dis. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Organizaci\u00f3n Panamericana de la salud (OPS\/OMS). 2006. Estimaci\u00f3n cuantitativa de la Enfermedad de Chagas en las Am\u00e9ricas. OPS\/HDM\/CD\/425-06. 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