{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T16:21:38Z","timestamp":1791044498848,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,1]],"date-time":"2008-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228089600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A new gene encoding the Hc domain of\n            <jats:italic>Clostridium botulinum<\/jats:italic>\n            neurotoxin serotype F (FHc) was designed and completely synthesized with oligonucleotides. A soluble recombinant Hc of\n            <jats:italic>C. botulinum<\/jats:italic>\n            neurotoxin serotype F was highly expressed in\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            with this synthetic FHc gene. Subsequently, the purified FHc was used to vaccinate mice and evaluate their survival against challenge with active botulinum neurotoxin serotype F (BoNT\/F). After the administration of FHc protein mixed with Freund adjuvant via the subcutaneous route, a strong protective immune response was elicited in the vaccinated mice. Mice that were given two or three vaccinations with a dosage of 1 or 10 \u03bcg of FHc were completely protected against an intraperitoneal administration of 20,000 50% lethal doses (LD\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            ) of BoNT\/F. The BoNT\/F neutralization assay showed that the sera from these vaccinated mice contained high titers of protective antibodies. Furthermore, mice were vaccinated once, twice, or three times at four different dosages of FHc using Alhydrogel (Sigma) adjuvant via the intramuscular route and subsequently challenged with 20,000 LD\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            of neurotoxin serotype F. A dose response was observed in both the antibody titer and the protective efficacy with increasing dosage of FHc and number of vaccinations. Mice that received one injection of 5 \u03bcg or two injections of \u22650.04 \u03bcg of FHc were completely protected. These findings suggest that the recombinant FHc expressed in\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            is efficacious in protecting mice against challenge with BoNT\/F and that the recombinant FHc subunit vaccine may be useful in humans.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00239-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,10]],"date-time":"2008-10-10T02:08:54Z","timestamp":1223604534000},"page":"1819-1823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Evaluation of a Recombinant Hc of\n            <i>Clostridium botulinum<\/i>\n            Neurotoxin Serotype F as an Effective Subunit Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yun-Zhou","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dong Dajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dong Dajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui-Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dong Dajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng-Qi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dong Dajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dong Dajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Yuan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dong Dajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dong Dajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.10.6998-7005.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01025-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3110","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00260-3","volume":"21","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bennett, A. 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