{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:32:42Z","timestamp":1791567162861,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis has an urgent need for rapid assays to detect ongoing transmission of lymphatic filariasis (LF) following multiple rounds of mass drug administration (MDA). Current WHO guidelines support using the antigen card immunochromatographic test (ICT), which detects active filarial infection but does not detect early exposure to LF. Recent studies found that antibody-based assays better serve this function. In the present study, two tests, a rapid IgG4 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a lateral-flow strip immunoassay, were developed based on the highly sensitive and specific\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Wuchereria bancrofti<\/jats:named-content>\n            antigen Wb123. A comparison of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">W. bancrofti<\/jats:named-content>\n            -infected and -uninfected patients (with or without other helminth infections) demonstrated that both tests had high sensitivities and specificities (93 and 97% [ELISA] and 92 and 96% [strips], respectively). When the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">W. bancrofti<\/jats:named-content>\n            -uninfected group was separated into those with other filarial\/helminth infections (i.e., onchocerciasis, loiasis, and strongyloidiasis) and those who were parasite uninfected, the specificities of the assays varied between 91 and 100%. In addition, the geometric mean response by ELISA of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">W. bancrofti<\/jats:named-content>\n            -infected patients was significantly higher than the response of those without\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">W. bancrofti<\/jats:named-content>\n            infection (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.0001). Furthermore, the Wb123 ELISA and the lateral-flow strips had high positive and negative predictive values, giving valuable information on the size of survey population needed to be reasonably certain whether or not transmission is ongoing. These highly sensitive and specific IgG4 tests to the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">W. bancrofti<\/jats:named-content>\n            Wb123 protein give every indication that they will serve as useful tools for post-MDA monitoring.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00252-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,6]],"date-time":"2013-06-06T03:57:28Z","timestamp":1370491048000},"page":"1155-1161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Rapid Wuchereria bancrofti-Specific Antigen Wb123-Based IgG4 Immunoassays as Tools for Surveillance following Mass Drug Administration Programs on Lymphatic Filariasis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Cathy","family":"Steel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Golden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostics Group, PATH, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Kubofcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"LaRue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostics Group, PATH, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tala","family":"de los Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostics Group, PATH, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo J.","family":"Domingo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostics Group, PATH, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas B.","family":"Nutman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2012. Global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: progress report 2011. Weekly epidemiological record no. 37 87 346\u2013356. World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland http:\/\/www.who.int\/wer\/2012\/wer8737.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2011. Global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: monitoring and epidemiological assessment of mass drug administration. World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0029","article-title":"Multiplex bead assay for serum samples from children in Haiti enrolled in a drug study for the treatment of lymphatic filariasis","volume":"85","author":"Moss DM","year":"2011","unstructured":"MossDM PriestJW BoydA WeinkopffT KucerovaZ BeachMJ LammiePJ. 2011. Multiplex bead assay for serum samples from children in Haiti enrolled in a drug study for the treatment of lymphatic filariasis. Am. J. Trop. Med. 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