{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:26:00Z","timestamp":1791296760182,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is routinely diagnosed by detecting IgG that specifically binds to\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Leishmania<\/jats:named-content>\n            antigens. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) remains a widely used method. However, the biggest challenge remains the choice of antigen with the highest specificity and sensitivity. This study is aimed at assessing the diagnostic performances of crude\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Leishmania<\/jats:named-content>\n            histone (CLH) protein-based ELISAs in Mediterranean VL patients. The CLH proteins were biochemically purified from promastigote nuclear extracts. Their reactivities were analyzed by Western blotting (WB) using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Leishmania<\/jats:named-content>\n            recombinant histones and sera from VL patients, respectively. Then, the diagnostic potential of CLH proteins was validated by the CLH-based ELISA using 42 infantile VL patients' sera and 70 control subjects. The CLH-based ELISA performance was compared to that of the soluble\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Leishmania<\/jats:named-content>\n            antigen (SLA)- and the recombinant K39 (rK39)-based ELISAs. Analysis of the WB profile with the use of polyclonal antibodies confirmed the histone origin of low molecular mass proteins (12 to 16 kDa). All VL samples tested presented antibodies reacting against different antigen fractions; however, recognition patterns were different depending on the reactivity of each serum. CLH-based ELISA showed an excellent ability to discriminate between VL cases and healthy controls (97.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity). It had a diagnostic performance similar to that of rK39-based ELISA (97.6% sensitivity and 97.1% specificity,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.5) and a better serodiagnosis accuracy than the SLA-based ELISA (85.7% sensitivity and 90% specificity,\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt; 0.05). Therefore, crude\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Leishmania<\/jats:named-content>\n            histone extract could be a valuable antigen for clinical use.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00257-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]],"date-time":"2012-07-19T11:58:23Z","timestamp":1342699103000},"page":"1487-1491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Evaluation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Based on Crude Leishmania Histone Proteins for Serodiagnosis of Human Infantile Visceral Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Sami","family":"Lakhal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salima","family":"Mekki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Im\u00e8ne","family":"Ben-Abda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Mousli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fethi","family":"Amri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department, Kairouan Regional Hospital, Kairouan, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Aoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A\u00efda","family":"Bouratbine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(04)57001-X","article-title":"Canine leishmaniasis","volume":"57","author":"Alvar J","year":"2004","unstructured":"AlvarJCanavateCMolinaRMorenoJNietoJ. 2004. Canine leishmaniasis. Adv. Parasitol. 57:1\u201388.","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.09-0285","article-title":"Contribution of quantitative real-time PCR to follow-up of visceral leishmaniasis patients treated with meglumine antimoniate","volume":"81","author":"Aoun K","year":"2009","unstructured":"AounK. 2009. Contribution of quantitative real-time PCR to follow-up of visceral leishmaniasis patients treated with meglumine antimoniate. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 81:1004\u20131006.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"775","article-title":"Current epidemiological data on visceral leishmaniasis in Tunisia","volume":"39","author":"Aoun K","year":"2009","unstructured":"AounKJeddiFAmriFGhrabJBouratbineA. 2009. Current epidemiological data on visceral leishmaniasis in Tunisia. Med. Mal. Infect. 39:775\u2013779. (In French).","journal-title":"Med. Mal. 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