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In the case of toxin-mediated diseases, HHS assigns guidelines for SA use, oversees vaccine and therapy development, and approves animal models and approaches to identify mechanisms for toxin neutralization. In this commentary, we discuss next-generation vaccines and therapies against ricin toxin and botulinum toxin, which are regulated SA toxins that utilize structure-based approaches for countermeasures to guide rapid response to future biothreats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00275-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]],"date-time":"2017-10-18T15:25:24Z","timestamp":1508340324000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Protein Structure Facilitates High-Resolution Immunological Mapping"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Madison","family":"Zuverink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph T.","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00236-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00237-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"669","volume-title":"The comprehensive sourcebook of bacterial protein toxins","author":"Smyth CJ","year":"2006","unstructured":"Smyth CJ . 2006. 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