{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:24:17Z","timestamp":1782134657170,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]],"date-time":"2010-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both topical ocular and topical intranasal immunizations have been reported to stimulate the ocular mucosal immune system (OMIS) and the systemic immune system. Nasolacrimal ducts (NLDs) are the connecting bridges between the OMIS and nasal cavity-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT). These ducts drain topical ocularly administrated solutions into the inferior meatus of the nose to reach the NALT. Inversely, NLDs also drain intranasally administrated solutions to the mucosal surface of the eye and thus the OMIS. This unique anatomical connection between the OMIS and NALT systems provoked us to test whether the OMIS and NALT are immunologically interdependent. In this report, we show that both topical ocular administration and topical intranasal administration of a mixture of immunodominant CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell epitope peptides from herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein D (gD) emulsified with the CpG<jats:sup>2007<\/jats:sup>mucosal adjuvant are capable of inducing local (in conjunctiva) as well as systemic (in spleen) HSV-peptide-specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell responses. Interestingly, surgical closure of NLDs did not significantly alter local ocular mucosal CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell responses induced following topical ocular immunization but did significantly enhance systemic CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell responses (as measured by both T-cell proliferation and gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3) production;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.005). In contrast, NLD closure significantly decreased ocular mucosal, but not systemic, CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell responses following intranasal administration of the same vaccine solution (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.001). The study suggests that NALT and the OMIS are immunologically interconnected.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00347-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,21]],"date-time":"2010-01-21T03:24:44Z","timestamp":1264044284000},"page":"342-353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Nasolacrimal Duct Closure Modulates Ocular Mucosal and Systemic CD4<sup>+<\/sup>T-Cell Responses Induced following Topical Ocular or Intranasal Immunization"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Aziz Alami","family":"Chentoufi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697-4375"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"the Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1450"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gargi","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697-4375"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"the Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1450"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony B.","family":"Nesburn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697-4375"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"the Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1450"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilham","family":"Bettahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697-4375"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"the Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1450"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas R.","family":"Binder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697-4375"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"the Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1450"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zareen S.","family":"Choudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697-4375"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"the Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1450"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winston D.","family":"Chamberlain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697-4375"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"the Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1450"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven L.","family":"Wechsler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697-4375"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"the Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1450"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lbachir","family":"BenMohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697-4375"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"the Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697"},{"name":"Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-1450"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200208)32:8<2274::AID-IMMU2274>3.0.CO;2-C","volume":"32","year":"2002","unstructured":"BenMohamed, L., Y. Belkaid, E. Loing, K. Brahimi, H. Gras-Masse, and P. Druilhe. 2002. Systemic immune responses induced by mucosal administration of lipopeptides without adjuvant. Eur. J. Immunol.32:2274-2281.","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.17.9463-9473.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2002.01396.x","volume":"106","year":"2002","unstructured":"BenMohamed, L., R. Krishnan, C. Auge, J. F. Primus, and D. J. Diamond. 2002. Intranasal administration of a synthetic lipopeptide without adjuvant induces systemic immune responses. Immunology106:113-121.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(02)00318-3","volume":"2","year":"2002","unstructured":"BenMohamed, L., S. L. Wechsler, and A. B. Nesburn. 2002. Lipopeptide vaccines\u2014-yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Lancet Infect. Dis.2:425-431.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4643","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0356","volume":"48","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bettahi, I., A. B. Nesburn, S. Yoon, X. Zhang, A. Mohebbi, V. Sue, A. Vanderberg, S. L. Wechsler, and L. BenMohamed. 2007. Protective immunity against ocular herpes infection and disease induced by highly immunogenic self-adjuvanting glycoprotein D lipopeptide vaccines. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.48:4643-4653.","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689608997414","volume":"15","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bouchard, C. S., J. B. Lasky, J. E. Cundiff, and B. S. Smith. 1996. Ocular surface upregulation of intercellular adhesive molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by local interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the rat. Curr. Eye Res.15:203-208.","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"35","volume":"60","year":"1999","unstructured":"Boyaka, P. N., M. Marinaro, J. L. Vancott, I. Takahashi, K. Fujihashi, M. Yamamoto, F. W. van Ginkel, R. J. Jackson, H. Kiyono, and J. R. McGhee. 1999. Strategies for mucosal vaccine development. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.60:35-45.","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5636","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.11.5636","volume":"170","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boyaka, P. N., A. Tafaro, R. Fischer, S. H. Leppla, K. Fujihashi, and J. R. McGhee. 2003. Effective mucosal immunity to anthrax: neutralizing antibodies and Th cell responses following nasal immunization with protective antigen. J. Immunol.170:5636-5643.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.1.426","volume":"180","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chentoufi, A. A., X. Zhang, K. Lamberth, G. Dasgupta, I. Bettahi, A. Nguyen, M. Wu, X. Zhu, A. Mohebbi, S. Buus, S. L. Wechsler, A. B. Nesburn, and L. BenMohamed. 2008. HLA-A*0201-restricted CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes identified from herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D. J. Immunol.180:426-437.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.09.60","volume":"8","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dasgupta, G., A. A. Chentoufi, A. B. Nesburn, S. L. Wechsler, and L. BenMohamed. 2009. New concepts in herpes simplex virus vaccine development: notes from the battlefield. Expert Rev. Vaccines8:1023-1035.","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.09.101","volume":"5","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dasgupta, G., A. B. Nesburn, S. L. Wechsler, and L. Benmohamed. 2010. Developing an asymptomatic mucosal herpes vaccine: the present and the future. Future Microbiol.5:1-4.","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00579-0","volume":"21","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dietrich, G., M. Griot-Wenk, I. C. Metcalfe, A. B. Lang, and J. F. Viret. 2003. Experience with registered mucosal vaccines. Vaccine21:678-683.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(98)80100-X","volume":"16","year":"1998","unstructured":"Douce, G., M. M. Giuliani, V. Giannelli, M. G. Pizza, R. Rappuoli, and G. Dougan. 1998. Mucosal immunogenicity of genetically detoxified derivatives of heat labile toxin from Escherichia coli. Vaccine16:1065-1073.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2003.00207.x","volume":"38","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ellison, G. L., J. L. Warren, K. B. Knopf, and M. L. Brown. 2003. Racial differences in the receipt of bowel surveillance following potentially curative colorectal cancer surgery. Health Serv. Res.38:1885-1903.","journal-title":"Health Serv. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4410","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00429-8","volume":"21","year":"2003","unstructured":"Goel, N., Q. Rong, D. Zimmerman, and K. S. Rosenthal. 2003. A L.E.A.P.S. heteroconjugate vaccine containing a T cell epitope from HSV-1 glycoprotein D elicits Th1 responses and protection. Vaccine21:4410-4420.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.2.953-962.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","first-page":"156","volume":"4","year":"2003","unstructured":"Harandi, A. M., J. Sanchez, K. Eriksson, and J. Holmgren. 2003. Recent developments in mucosal immunomodulatory adjuvants. Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs4:156-161.","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.297","volume":"2","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hawkins, E. D., M. Hommel, M. L. Turner, F. L. Battye, J. F. Markham, and P. D. Hodgkin. 2007. Measuring lymphocyte proliferation, survival and differentiation using CFSE time-series data. Nat. Protoc.2:2057-2067.","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00206-8","volume":"21","year":"2003","unstructured":"Holmgren, J., C. Czerkinsky, K. Eriksson, and A. Mharandi. 2003. Mucosal immunisation and adjuvants: a brief overview of recent advances and challenges. Vaccine21(Suppl 2):S89-S95.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-003-0936-6","volume":"100","year":"2003","unstructured":"Knop, E., and N. Knop. 2003. Eye-associated lymphoid tissue (EALT) is continuously spread throughout the ocular surface from the lacrimal gland to the lacrimal drainage system. Ophthalmologe100:929-942. (In German.)","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","first-page":"566","volume":"42","year":"2001","unstructured":"Knop, E., and N. Knop. 2001. Lacrimal drainage-associated lymphoid tissue (LDALT): a part of the human mucosal immune system. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.42:566-574.","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2005.00394.x","volume":"206","year":"2005","unstructured":"Knop, E., and N. Knop. 2005. The role of eye-associated lymphoid tissue in corneal immune protection. J. Anat.206:271-285.","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-003-0935-7","volume":"100","year":"2003","unstructured":"Knop, E., N. Knop, and H. Brewitt. 2003. Dry eye disease as a complex dysregulation of the functional anatomy of the ocular surface. New concepts for understanding dry eye disease. Ophthalmologe100:917-928. (In German.)","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2005.00470.x","volume":"207","year":"2005","unstructured":"Knop, N., and E. Knop. 2005. Ultrastructural anatomy of CALT follicles in the rabbit reveals characteristics of M-cells, germinal centres and high endothelial venules. J. Anat.207:409-426.","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90158-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1089\/104454903770238094","volume":"22","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lenert, P., W. Rasmussen, R. F. Ashman, and Z. K. Ballas. 2003. Structural characterization of the inhibitory DNA motif for the type A (D)-CpG-induced cytokine secretion and NK-cell lytic activity in mouse spleen cells. DNA Cell Biol.22:621-631.","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.8.4711-4716.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.1995.8.53","volume":"8","year":"1995","unstructured":"Manickan, E., Z. Yu, R. J. Rouse, W. S. Wire, and B. T. Rouse. 1995. Induction of protective immunity against herpes simplex virus with DNA encoding the immediate early protein ICP 27. Viral Immunol.8:53-61.","journal-title":"Viral Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.01.073","volume":"25","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mbawuike, I., Y. Zang, and R. B. Couch. 2007. Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of humans to inactivated influenza vaccine with or without QS21 adjuvant. Vaccine25:3263-3269.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4463","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.9.4463","volume":"161","year":"1998","unstructured":"McCluskie, M. J., and H. L. Davis. 1998. CpG DNA is a potent enhancer of systemic and mucosal immune responses against hepatitis B surface antigen with intranasal administration to mice. J. Immunol.161:4463-4466.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9047","volume":"243","year":"1998","unstructured":"Morrison, L. A., X. J. Da Costa, and D. M. Knipe. 1998. Influence of mucosal and parenteral immunization with a replication-defective mutant of HSV-2 on immune responses and protection from genital challenge. Virology243:178-187.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02234-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2957","volume":"50","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mott, K. R., A. A. Chentoufi, D. Carpenter, L. BenMohamed, S. Wechsler, and H. Ghiasi. 2009. The role of a glycoprotein K (gK) CD8+ T-cell epitope of herpes simplex virus on ocular virus replication and pathogenicity. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.50:2903-2912.","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(02)00246-5","volume":"91","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mutwiri, G., R. Pontarollo, S. Babiuk, P. Griebel, S. van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk, A. Mena, C. Tsang, V. Alcon, A. Nichani, X. Ioannou, S. Gomis, H. Townsend, R. Hecker, A. Potter, and L. A. Babiuk. 2003. Biological activity of immunostimulatory CpG DNA motifs in domestic animals. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol.91:89-103.","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00294-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70164-7","volume":"4","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nesburn, A. B., I. Bettahi, X. Zhang, X. Zhu, W. Chamberlain, R. E. Afifi, S. L. Wechsler, and L. BenMohamed. 2006. Topical\/mucosal delivery of sub-unit vaccines that stimulate the ocular mucosal immune system. Ocul. Surf.4:178-187.","journal-title":"Ocul. Surf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","first-page":"1163","volume":"39","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nesburn, A. B., R. L. Burke, H. Ghiasi, S. M. Slanina, and S. L. Wechsler. 1998. A therapeutic vaccine that reduces recurrent herpes simplex virus type 1 corneal disease. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.39:1163-1170.","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1998.9454","volume":"252","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nesburn, A. B., R. L. Burke, H. Ghiasi, S. M. Slanina, and S. L. Wechsler. 1998. Therapeutic periocular vaccination with a subunit vaccine induces higher levels of herpes simplex virus-specific tear secretory immunoglobulin A than systemic vaccination and provides protection against recurrent spontaneous ocular shedding of virus in latently infected rabbits. Virology252:200-209.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.08.019","volume":"23","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nesburn, A. B., T. V. Ramos, X. Zhu, H. Asgarzadeh, V. Nguyen, and L. BenMohamed. 2005. Local and systemic B cell and Th1 responses induced following ocular mucosal delivery of multiple epitopes of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D together with cytosine-phosphate-guanine adjuvant. Vaccine23:873-883.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.10.7715-7721.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4203","DOI":"10.2174\/138161206778743457","volume":"12","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nochi, T., and H. Kiyono. 2006. Innate immunity in the mucosal immune system. Curr. Pharm. Des.12:4203-4213.","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.22.11387-11396.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.12.6692-6699.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.9.3794-3803.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.24.11773-11781.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.3.1240","volume":"170","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sundstedt, A., E. J. O'Neill, K. S. Nicolson, and D. C. Wraith. 2003. Role for IL-10 in suppression mediated by peptide-induced regulatory T cells in vivo. J. Immunol.170:1240-1248.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3898","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.7.3898","volume":"170","year":"2003","unstructured":"Takabayashi, K., L. Libet, D. Chisholm, J. Zubeldia, and A. A. Horner. 2003. Intranasal immunotherapy is more effective than intradermal immunotherapy for the induction of airway allergen tolerance in Th2-sensitized mice. J. Immunol.170:3898-3905.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2009.04.002","volume":"21","year":"2009","unstructured":"Takahashi, I., T. Nochi, Y. Yuki, and H. Kiyono. 2009. New horizon of mucosal immunity and vaccines. Curr. Opin. Immunol.21:352-358.","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4115","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.8.4115","volume":"161","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yamamoto, M., D. E. Briles, S. Yamamoto, M. Ohmura, H. Kiyono, and J. R. McGhee. 1998. A nontoxic adjuvant for mucosal immunity to pneumococcal surface protein A. J. Immunol.161:4115-4121.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.09.61","volume":"8","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yuki, Y., and H. Kiyono. 2009. Mucosal vaccines: novel advances in technology and delivery. Expert Rev. Vaccines8:1083-1097.","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2008.81","volume":"2","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang, X., A. A. Chentoufi, G. Dasgupta, A. B. Nesburn, M. Wu, X. Zhu, D. Carpenter, S. L. Wechsler, S. You, and L. BenMohamed. 2009. A genital tract peptide epitope vaccine targeting TLR-2 efficiently induces local and systemic CD8+ T cells and protects against herpes simplex virus type 2 challenge. Mucosal Immunol.2:129-143.","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."}],"container-title":["Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CVI.00347-09","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CVI.00347-09","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T18:02:13Z","timestamp":1685383333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CVI.00347-09"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CVI.00347-09"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cvi.00347-09","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-08-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-01-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}