{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T15:46:59Z","timestamp":1776008819168,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Several infectious agents may cause arthritis or arthropathy. For example, infection with\n            <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n            , the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, may in the late phase manifest as arthropathy. Infections with\n            <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            , or\n            <jats:italic>Yersinia<\/jats:italic>\n            may result in a postinfectious reactive arthritis. Acute infection with parvovirus B19 (B19V) may likewise initiate transient or chronic arthropathy. All these conditions may be clinically indistinguishable from rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we present evidence that acute B19V infection may elicit IgM antibodies that are polyspecific or cross-reactive with a variety of bacterial antigens. Their presence may lead to misdiagnosis and improper clinical management, exemplified here by two case descriptions. Further, among 33 subjects with proven recent B19V infection we found IgM enzyme immunoassay (EIA) positivity for\n            <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n            only; for\n            <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            ; for\n            <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            ; and for\n            <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n            in 26 (78.7%), 1 (3%), 2 (6%), and 1 (3%), respectively; however, when examined by\n            <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n            LineBlot, all samples were negative. These antibodies persisted over 3 months in 4\/13 (38%) patients tested. Likewise, in a retrospective comparison of the results of a diagnostic laboratory, 9\/11 (82%) patients with confirmed acute B19V infection showed IgM antibody to\n            <jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n            . However, none of 12 patients with confirmed borreliosis showed any serological evidence of acute B19V infection. Our study demonstrates that recent B19V infection can be misinterpreted as secondary borreliosis or enteropathogen-induced reactive arthritis. To obtain the correct diagnosis, we emphasize caution in interpretation of polyreactive IgM and exclusion of recent B19V infection in patients examined for infectious arthritis or arthropathy.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00367-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,25]],"date-time":"2010-11-25T04:09:47Z","timestamp":1290658187000},"page":"167-172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Acute Parvovirus B19 Infection Causes Nonspecificity Frequently in\n            <i>Borrelia<\/i>\n            and Less Often in\n            <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n            and\n            <i>Campylobacter<\/i>\n            Serology, Posing a Problem in Diagnosis of Infectious Arthropathy"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Tamara","family":"Tuuminen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory, HUSLAB, Departments of Bacteriology and of Virology and Immunology, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O. Box 400, Fl-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Department of Virology, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Eastern Finland Laboratory Centre Joint Authority Enterprise (ISLAB), Mikkeli District Laboratory, Porrassalmenkatu 35-37, 50100 Mikkeli, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Hedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory, HUSLAB, Departments of Bacteriology and of Virology and Immunology, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O. Box 400, Fl-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Department of Virology, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Eastern Finland Laboratory Centre Joint Authority Enterprise (ISLAB), Mikkeli District Laboratory, Porrassalmenkatu 35-37, 50100 Mikkeli, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"So\u0308derlund-Venermo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory, HUSLAB, Departments of Bacteriology and of Virology and Immunology, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O. Box 400, Fl-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Department of Virology, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Eastern Finland Laboratory Centre Joint Authority Enterprise (ISLAB), Mikkeli District Laboratory, Porrassalmenkatu 35-37, 50100 Mikkeli, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilkka","family":"Seppa\u0308la\u0308","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory, HUSLAB, Departments of Bacteriology and of Virology and Immunology, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O. Box 400, Fl-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Department of Virology, P.O. Box 21, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Eastern Finland Laboratory Centre Joint Authority Enterprise (ISLAB), Mikkeli District Laboratory, Porrassalmenkatu 35-37, 50100 Mikkeli, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00380-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2006.01697.x","volume":"260","year":"2006","unstructured":"Broliden, K., T. Tolfvenstam, and O. Norbeck. 2006. Clinical aspects of parvovirus B19 infection. J. Int. Med. 260:285-304.","journal-title":"J. Int. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1086\/651164","volume":"50","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chiche, L., A. Grados, J.-R. Harl\u00e9, and P. Cacoub. 2010. Mixed cryoglobulinemia: a role for parvovirus B19 infection. Clin. Infect. Dis. 50:1074-1075.","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. 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