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To further test this hypothesis, we did repeated blood sampling for cytokines while patients and matched healthy controls slept in the sleep lab. Because no one method for assaying cytokines is acknowledged to be better than another, we assayed for protein in serum, message in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), and function in resting and stimulated PBLs. We found no evidence of proinflammatory cytokine upregulation. Instead, in line with some of our earlier studies, we did find some evidence to support a role for an increase in interleukin-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Although the changes were small, they may contribute to the common complaint in CFS patients of disrupted sleep.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00379-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,25]],"date-time":"2010-02-25T04:53:32Z","timestamp":1267073612000},"page":"582-587","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Cytokines across the Night in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome with and without Fibromyalgia"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Toru","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain &amp; Fatigue Study Center"},{"name":"Departments of Neurosciences"},{"name":"Medicine, UMDNJ\u2014New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103"},{"name":"Department of Work Stress Control, Japan National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan K.","family":"Schwander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain &amp; 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Fatigue Study Center"},{"name":"Departments of Neurosciences"},{"name":"Medicine, UMDNJ\u2014New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103"},{"name":"Department of Work Stress Control, Japan National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumiharu","family":"Togo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain &amp; Fatigue Study Center"},{"name":"Departments of Neurosciences"},{"name":"Medicine, UMDNJ\u2014New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103"},{"name":"Department of Work Stress Control, Japan National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Broderick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain &amp; 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