{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:24:48Z","timestamp":1790555088538,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,1]],"date-time":"2010-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1272672000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Leptospirosis is a serious infectious disease caused by pathogenic\n            <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n            . B- and T-cell-mediated immune responses contribute to the mechanisms of\n            <jats:italic>Leptospira interrogans<\/jats:italic>\n            infection and immune intervention. LipL32 and LipL21 are the conserved outer membrane lipoproteins of\n            <jats:italic>L. interrogans<\/jats:italic>\n            and are considered vaccine candidates. In this study, we identified B- and T-cell combined epitopes within LipL32 and LipL21 to further develop a novel vaccine. By using a computer prediction algorithm, two B- and T-cell combined epitopes of LipL21 and four of LipL32 were predicted. All of the predicted epitopes were expressed in a phage display system. Four epitopes, LipL21 residues 97 to 112 and 176 to 184 (LipL21\n            <jats:sub>97-112<\/jats:sub>\n            and LipL21\n            <jats:sub>176-184<\/jats:sub>\n            , respectively) and LipL32\n            <jats:sub>133-160<\/jats:sub>\n            and LipL32\n            <jats:sub>221-247<\/jats:sub>\n            of LipL32 were selected as antigens by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These selected epitopes were also recognized by CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T lymphocytes derived from LipL21- or LipL32-immunized BALB\/c (H-2\n            <jats:sup>d<\/jats:sup>\n            ) mice and mainly polarized the immune response toward a Th1 phenotype. The identification of epitopes that have both B- and T-cell immune reactivities is of value for studying the immune mechanisms in response to leptospiral infection and for designing an effective vaccine for leptospirosis.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00405-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,18]],"date-time":"2010-03-18T02:15:07Z","timestamp":1268878507000},"page":"778-783","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Identification of Immunodominant B- and T-Cell Combined Epitopes in Outer Membrane Lipoproteins LipL32 and LipL21 of\n            <i>Leptospira interrogans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xu'ai","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yafei","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiqin","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihui","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Basic Medical Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(97)80079-5","volume":"117","year":"1997","unstructured":"Adamus, C., M. 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