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In this study, a randomized double-blind phase I\/II trial was performed to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of a novel multivalent OspA vaccine in healthy adults who were either seronegative or seropositive for previous<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">B. burgdorferi sensu lato<\/jats:named-content>infection. The participants received three monthly priming immunizations with either 30 \u03bcg or 60 \u03bcg alum-adjuvanted OspA antigen and a booster vaccination either 6 months or 9 to 12 months after the first immunization. The antibody responses to the six OspA serotypes included in the vaccine were evaluated. Adverse events were predominantly mild and transient and were similar in the seronegative and seropositive populations. Substantial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and surface-binding antibody responses against all six OspA antigens were induced after the primary immunization schedule in both populations, and they were substantially increased with both booster schedules. The antibody responses induced by the two doses were similar in the seronegative population, but there was a significant dose response in the seropositive population. These data indicate that the novel multivalent OspA vaccine is well tolerated and immunogenic in individuals previously infected with<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">B. burgdorferi sensu lato<\/jats:named-content>. (This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01504347.)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00406-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,4]],"date-time":"2014-09-04T15:03:08Z","timestamp":1409842988000},"page":"1490-1499","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["A Novel Multivalent OspA Vaccine against Lyme Borreliosis Is Safe and Immunogenic in an Adult Population Previously Infected with Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Nina","family":"Wressnigg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. 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