{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:16:56Z","timestamp":1790050616905,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) can cause progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a debilitating, often fatal brain disease in immunocompromised patients. JCPyV-seropositive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with natalizumab have a 2- to 10-fold increased risk of developing PML. Therefore, JCPyV serology has been recommended for PML risk stratification. However, different antibody tests may not be equivalent. To study intra- and interlaboratory variability, sera from 398 healthy blood donors were compared in 4 independent enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) measurements generating &gt;1,592 data points. Three data sets (Basel1, Basel2, and Basel3) used the same basic protocol but different JCPyV virus-like particle (VLP) preparations and introduced normalization to a reference serum. The data sets were also compared with an independent method using biotinylated VLPs (Helsinki1). VLP preadsorption reducing \u226535% activity was used to identify seropositive sera. The results indicated that Basel1, Basel2, Basel3, and Helsinki1 were similar regarding overall data distribution (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.79) and seroprevalence (58.0, 54.5, 54.8, and 53.5%, respectively;\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.95). However, intra-assay intralaboratory comparison yielded 3.7% to 12% discordant results, most of which were close to the cutoff (0.080 &lt; optical density [OD] &lt; 0.250) according to Bland-Altman analysis. Introduction of normalization improved overall performance and reduced discordance. The interlaboratory interassay comparison between Basel3 and Helsinki1 revealed only 15 discordant results, 14 (93%) of which were close to the cutoff. Preadsorption identified specificities of 99.44% and 97.78% and sensitivities of 99.54% and 95.87% for Basel3 and Helsinki1, respectively. Thus, normalization to a preferably WHO-approved reference serum, duplicate testing, and preadsorption for samples around the cutoff may be necessary for reliable JCPyV serology and PML risk stratification.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00489-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,25]],"date-time":"2014-09-25T07:00:24Z","timestamp":1411628424000},"page":"1581-1588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Inter- and Intralaboratory Comparison of JC Polyomavirus Antibody Testing Using Two Different Virus-Like Particle-Based Assays"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Piotr","family":"Kardas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation and Clinical Virology, Department Biomedicine (Haus Petersplatz), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian H.","family":"Weissbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation and Clinical Virology, Department Biomedicine (Haus Petersplatz), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea","family":"Hedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Virology and Immunology, Helsinki University Central Hospital Laboratory Services, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eeva","family":"Auvinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Virology and Immunology, Helsinki University Central Hospital Laboratory Services, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Hedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Virology and Immunology, Helsinki University Central Hospital Laboratory Services, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans H.","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transplantation and Clinical Virology, Department Biomedicine (Haus 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F.","family":"Pasetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CVI.00489-14"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cvi.00489-14","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-07-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-09-16","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-10-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}