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Development of a maternal HCMV vaccine to prevent vertical virus transmission is a high priority, yet protective maternal immune responses following acute infection are poorly understood. To characterize the maternal humoral immune response to primary CMV infection, we investigated the plasmablast and early antibody repertoire using a nonhuman primate model with two acutely rhesus CMV (RhCMV)-infected animals\u2014a CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell-depleted dam that experienced fetal loss shortly after vertical RhCMV transmission and an immunocompetent dam that did not transmit RhCMV to her infant. Compared to the CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell-depleted dam that experienced fetal loss, the immunocompetent, nontransmitting dam had a more rapid and robust plasmablast response that produced a high proportion of RhCMV-reactive antibodies, including the first identified monoclonal antibody specific for soluble and membrane-associated RhCMV envelope glycoprotein B (gB). Additionally, we noted that plasmablast RhCMV-specific antibodies had variable gene usage and maturation similar to those observed in a monkey chronically coinfected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and RhCMV. This study reveals characteristics of the early maternal RhCMV-specific humoral immune responses to primary RhCMV infection in rhesus monkeys and may contribute to a future understanding of what antibody responses should be targeted by a vaccine to eliminate congenital HCMV transmission. Furthermore, the identification of an RhCMV gB-specific monoclonal antibody underscores the possibility of modeling future HCMV vaccine strategies in this nonhuman primate model.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00510-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]],"date-time":"2017-03-16T00:40:40Z","timestamp":1489624840000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Plasmablast Response to Primary Rhesus Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection in a Monkey Model of Congenital CMV Transmission"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Qihua","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cody S.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristy M.","family":"Bialas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Chiuppesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Amos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thaddeus C.","family":"Gurley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn Jones","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Eudailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Heimsath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathon","family":"Himes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashlesha","family":"Deshpande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark R.","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Wussow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don J.","family":"Diamond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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