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One candidate that was identified is a hypothetical protein with a molecular mass of 57 kDa that we have designated<jats:italic>Borrelia<\/jats:italic>immunogenic protein A (BipA). This protein was further investigated as a potential diagnostic antigen for<jats:italic>B. hermsii<\/jats:italic>given that it is absent from the<jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>genome. The<jats:italic>bipA<\/jats:italic>locus was amplified and sequenced from 39 isolates of<jats:italic>B. hermsii<\/jats:italic>that had been acquired from western North America.<jats:italic>bipA<\/jats:italic>was also expressed as a recombinant fusion protein. Serum samples from mice and patients infected with<jats:italic>B. hermsii<\/jats:italic>or<jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>were used to confirm the immunogenicity of the recombinant protein in patients infected with relapsing fever spirochetes. Lastly,<jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>and experimental analysis indicated that BipA is a surface-exposed lipoprotein in<jats:italic>B. hermsii<\/jats:italic>. These findings enhance the capabilities of diagnosing infection with relapsing fever spirochetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00518-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,11]],"date-time":"2010-02-11T04:45:07Z","timestamp":1265863507000},"page":"564-571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["A Novel Surface Antigen of Relapsing Fever Spirochetes Can Discriminate between Relapsing Fever and Lyme Borreliosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Job E.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840"},{"name":"Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merry E.","family":"Schrumpf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840"},{"name":"Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayaraj","family":"Nagarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840"},{"name":"Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra J.","family":"Raffel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840"},{"name":"Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandi N.","family":"McCoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840"},{"name":"Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom G.","family":"Schwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonotic Pathogens, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana 59840"},{"name":"Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"105","volume":"319","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alugupalli, K. 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