{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T17:39:33Z","timestamp":1769881173731,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Whole inactivated virus (WIV) vaccines are widely used in the swine industry to reduce clinical disease against homologous influenza A virus (IAV) infection. In pigs experimentally challenged with antigenically distinct heterologous IAV of the same hemagglutinin subtype, WIV vaccinates have been shown to develop vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD). We evaluated the impact of vaccine valency, age at vaccination, and duration between vaccination and challenge on the development of VAERD using vaccine containing \u03b41-H1N2 and challenge with pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) virus. Pigs were vaccinated with monovalent WIV MN08 (\u03b41-H1N2) and bivalent (\u03b41-H1N2\u2013H3N2 or \u03b41-H1N2\u2013pH1N1) vaccines and then were challenged with pH1N1 at 3 weeks postboost (wpb). Another group was vaccinated with the same monovalent WIV and challenged at 6 wpb to determine if the time postvaccination plays a role in the development of VAERD. In a follow-up study, the impact of age of first WIV vaccination (at 4 versus 9 weeks of age) with a boost 3 weeks later (at 7 versus 12 weeks of age) was evaluated. A monovalent live-attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccine administered at 4 and 7 weeks of age was also included. All mismatched WIV groups had significantly higher lung lesions than the LAIV, bivalent MN08-CA09, and control groups. Age of first vaccination or length of time between booster dose and subsequent challenge did not alter the development of VAERD in WIV-vaccinated pigs. Importantly, the mismatched component of the bivalent MN08-CA09 WIV did not override the protective effect of the matched vaccine component.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00563-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T03:26:03Z","timestamp":1459394763000},"page":"470-482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Age at Vaccination and Timing of Infection Do Not Alter Vaccine-Associated Enhanced Respiratory Disease in Influenza A Virus-Infected Pigs"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Carine K.","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virus and Prion Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Ames, Iowa, USA"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Virologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela S.","family":"Raj\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virus and Prion Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Ames, Iowa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Crystal L.","family":"Loving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virus and Prion Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Ames, Iowa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillip C.","family":"Gauger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa State University (ISU), Ames, Iowa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6569-5689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel R.","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy L.","family":"Vincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virus and Prion Diseases Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Ames, Iowa, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(08)00403-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.6.2453-2456.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.027557-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-009-0413-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08182"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0903810"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.044974-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.12.039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.01.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.01.082"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985812439724"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2013.0018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006366","article-title":"Vaccine-induced anti-HA2 antibodies promote virus fusion and enhance influenza virus respiratory disease","volume":"5","author":"Khurana S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khurana S, Loving CL, Manischewitz J, King LR, Gauger PC, Henningson J, Vincent AL, Golding H. 2013. 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