{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T20:15:01Z","timestamp":1649189701630},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The immune function test is an integrated measure of total mitogen-inducible CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell metabolic activity in the peripheral blood, and it is used to guide the dosing of immunosuppressive medications after solid organ transplantation. Recently, low CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell metabolic activity due to pharmacologic immunosuppression has been linked to rapidly progressive cirrhosis in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected liver transplant recipients. We speculate that either cirrhosis or HCV might adversely affect the CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell reactivity even in the absence of immunosuppressive medications. We thus performed this assay on a cohort of untransplanted hepatology patients who were not taking immunomodulatory drugs. Low mitogen-stimulated CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell metabolic reactivity was more commonly seen in untransplanted patients with HCV cirrhosis or with cirrhosis due to other causes but not in control patients or in those with chronic HCV in the absence of cirrhosis. The lowest mean CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T cell reactivities were seen in patients with both cirrhosis and HCV. Caution should be exercised when immune function test results are used to guide immunomodulatory therapy in transplant recipients with suspected cirrhosis, as low immune function test results may be a consequence of hepatic cirrhosis or of pharmacologic immunosuppression.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00595-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,7]],"date-time":"2013-02-07T04:47:18Z","timestamp":1360212438000},"page":"526-529","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impaired Lymphocyte Reactivity Measured by Immune Function Testing in Untransplanted Patients with Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Russell M.","family":"Yee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mandeep S.","family":"Lehil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Immunology, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Rongey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Immunology, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Immunology, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myrna L.","family":"Cozen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Immunology, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Monto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Immunology, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Immunology, San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.7.2.307-311.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2006.02.051","article-title":"Assessing the risk of infection and rejection in Hispanic renal transplant recipients by means of an adenosine triphosphate release assay","volume":"38","author":"Cadillo-Chavez R","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cadillo-ChavezR de EchegarayS Santiago-DelpinEA Rodriguez-TrinidadAT Camacho-CarrazoB AlfaroT Saavedra-PozoM CarrasquilloL Gonzalez-CaraballoZA Morales-OteroLA. 2006. 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