{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T05:39:06Z","timestamp":1793338746841,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Plague caused by\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Yersinia pestis<\/jats:named-content>\n            manifests itself in bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic forms. Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently approved levofloxacin, there is no approved human vaccine against plague. The capsular antigen F1 and the low-calcium-response V antigen (LcrV) of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Y. pestis<\/jats:named-content>\n            represent excellent vaccine candidates; however, the inability of the immune responses to F1 and LcrV to provide protection against\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Y. pestis<\/jats:named-content>\n            F1\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            strains or those which harbor variants of LcrV is a significant concern. Here, we show that the passive transfer of hyperimmune sera from rats infected with the plague bacterium and rescued by levofloxacin protected naive animals against pneumonic plague. Furthermore, 10 to 12 protein bands from wild-type (WT)\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Y. pestis<\/jats:named-content>\n            CO92 reacted with the aforementioned hyperimmune sera upon Western blot analysis. Based on mass spectrometric analysis, four of these proteins were identified as attachment invasion locus (Ail\/OmpX), plasminogen-activating protease (Pla), outer membrane protein A (OmpA), and F1. The genes encoding these proteins were cloned, and the recombinant proteins purified from\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:named-content>\n            for immunization purposes before challenging mice and rats with either the F1\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            mutant or WT CO92 in bubonic and pneumonic plague models. Although antibodies to Ail and OmpA protected mice against bubonic plague when challenged with the F1\n            <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n            CO92 strain, Pla antibodies were protective against pneumonic plague. In the rat model, antibodies to Ail provided protection only against pneumonic plague after WT CO92 challenge. Together, the addition of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Y. pestis<\/jats:named-content>\n            outer membrane proteins to a new-generation recombinant vaccine could provide protection against a wide variety of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Y. pestis<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00597-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,13]],"date-time":"2012-12-13T04:56:49Z","timestamp":1355374609000},"page":"227-238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Evaluation of Protective Potential of Yersinia pestis Outer Membrane Protein Antigens as Possible Candidates for a New-Generation Recombinant Plague Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Tatiana E.","family":"Erova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason A.","family":"Rosenzweig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Center for Bionanotechnology and Environmental Research, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Institute of Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna C.","family":"Sierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle L.","family":"Kirtley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina J.","family":"van Lier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim V.","family":"Telepnev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir L.","family":"Motin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Institute of Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok K.","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Department of Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Institute of Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"},{"name":"Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1053\/j.spid.2006.07.002","article-title":"Plague: a review of its history and potential as a biological weapon","volume":"17","author":"Ligon BL","year":"2006","unstructured":"LigonBL. 2006. 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A."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-011-3380-6","article-title":"Progress on plague vaccine development","volume":"91","author":"Rosenzweig JA","year":"2011","unstructured":"RosenzweigJA JejelowoO ShaJ ErovaTE BrackmanSM KirtleyML van LierCJ ChopraAK. 2011. Progress on plague vaccine development. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 91:265\u2013286.","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.11.076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2010.02456.x","article-title":"Comparison of immunological responses of plague vaccines F1 + rV270 and EV76 in Chinese-origin rhesus macaque, Macaca mulatta","volume":"72","author":"Qiu Y","year":"2010","unstructured":"QiuY LiuY QiZ WangW KouZ ZhangQ LiuG LiuT YangY YangX XinY LiC CuiB HuangS LiuH ZengL WangZ YangR WangH WangX. 2010. 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