{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T15:31:53Z","timestamp":1781883113873,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]],"date-time":"2016-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI106878"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI106878"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 AI058935"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 AI058935"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03 AI063079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03 AI063079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 AI089721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 AI089721"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08AI100923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08AI100923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"HHS | NIH | Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TW005572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TW005572"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Vaccine Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Cholera caused by\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            O1 confers at least 3 to 10 years of protection against subsequent disease regardless of age, despite a relatively rapid fall in antibody levels in peripheral blood, suggesting that memory B cell responses may play an important role in protection. The\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            O1-specific polysaccharide (OSP) component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is responsible for serogroup specificity, and it is unclear if young children are capable of developing memory B cell responses against OSP, a T cell-independent antigen, following cholera. To address this, we assessed OSP-specific memory B cell responses in young children (2 to 5 years,\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 11), older children (6 to 17 years,\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 21), and adults (18 to 55 years,\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 28) with cholera caused by\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>\n            O1 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We also assessed memory B cell responses against LPS and vibriocidal responses, and plasma antibody responses against OSP, LPS, and cholera toxin B subunit (CtxB; a T cell-dependent antigen) on days 2 and 7, as well as days 30, 90, and 180 after convalescence. In all age cohorts, vibriocidal responses and plasma OSP, LPS, and CtxB-specific responses peaked on day 7 and fell toward baseline over the follow-up period. In comparison, we were able to detect OSP memory B cell responses in all age cohorts of patients with detectable responses over baseline for 90 to 180 days. Our results suggest that OSP-specific memory B cell responses can occur following cholera, even in the youngest children, and may explain in part the age-independent induction of long-term immunity following naturally acquired disease.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00647-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]],"date-time":"2016-05-06T15:24:12Z","timestamp":1462548252000},"page":"427-435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["O-Specific Polysaccharide-Specific Memory B Cell Responses in Young Children, Older Children, and Adults Infected with Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Amena","family":"Aktar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Arifur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadia","family":"Afrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Omar","family":"Faruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taher","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aklima","family":"Akter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Israk Nur","family":"Sami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahirah","family":"Yasmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahima","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraful I.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel T.","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina C.","family":"LaRocque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richelle C.","family":"Charles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taufiqur Rahman","family":"Bhuiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Mandlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meagan","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavol","family":"Kov\u00e1\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIDDK, LBC, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIDDK, LBC, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Calderwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason B.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Division of Global Health, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firdausi","family":"Qadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward T.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60436-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.11.093427"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.7.2566"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.5.2777"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002683"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/169.1.230"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.9.3778-3785.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01382-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.65.9.3571-3576.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.24.11388"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/169.3.709"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.2.6.685-688.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.79.708","article-title":"Shifting prevalence of major diarrheal pathogens in patients seeking hospital care during floods in 1998, 2004, and 2007 in Dhaka, Bangladesh","volume":"79","author":"Harris AM","year":"2008","unstructured":"Harris AM, Chowdhury F, Begum YA, Khan AI, Faruque AS, Svennerholm AM, Harris JB, Ryan ET, Cravioto A, Calderwood SB, Qadri F. 2008. Shifting prevalence of major diarrheal pathogens in patients seeking hospital care during floods in 1998, 2004, and 2007 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79:708\u2013714.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.9.3296-3299.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15328-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000173"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345865"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"347","article-title":"Epidemiology of cholera outbreak in Kampala, Uganda","volume":"77","author":"Legros D","year":"2000","unstructured":"Legros D, McCormick M, Mugero C, Skinnider M, Bek'Obita DD, Okware SI. 2000. Epidemiology of cholera outbreak in Kampala, Uganda. East Afr Med J 77:347\u2013349.","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2010.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.79.414","article-title":"Spatial analysis of risk factor of cholera outbreak for 2003\u20132004 in a peri-urban area of Lusaka, Zambia","volume":"79","author":"Sasaki S","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sasaki S, Suzuki H, Igarashi K, Tambatamba B, Mulenga P. 2008. Spatial analysis of risk factor of cholera outbreak for 2003\u20132004 in a peri-urban area of Lusaka, Zambia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79:414\u2013421.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008603.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001289"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03820"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir416"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/143.6.818"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421275"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","first-page":"777","article-title":"The relationship of vibriocidal antibody titre to susceptibility to cholera in family contacts of cholera patients","volume":"38","author":"Mosley WH","year":"1968","unstructured":"Mosley WH, Ahmad S, Benenson AS, Ahmed A. 1968. The relationship of vibriocidal antibody titre to susceptibility to cholera in family contacts of cholera patients. Bull World Health Organ 38:777\u2013785.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00037-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0498"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00035-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00321-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bc2001984"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","unstructured":"Sack DA Kauk DS de Leeuw RA Nelson EJ Henning L Pelikan J Chisti MJ. Clinical management of cholera. Cholera Outbreak Training and Shigellosis Program. www.cotsprogram.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.6.6.812-818.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00562-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00868-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.12.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591500"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2003.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.10.4969"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00369-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.05615-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002822"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61140-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61297-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00196-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","first-page":"153","article-title":"Cholera toxin\u2014a foe & a friend","volume":"133","author":"Sanchez J","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sanchez J, Holmgren J. 2011. Cholera toxin\u2014a foe & a friend. Indian J Med Res 133:153\u2013163.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.02765-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir544"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01900-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2009.2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003076"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CVI.00647-15","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/CVI.00647-15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T20:42:45Z","timestamp":1627591365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CVI.00647-15"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"R. S.","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CVI.00647-15"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cvi.00647-15","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-11-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-03-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-05-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}