{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T01:28:56Z","timestamp":1782955736340,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin. Vaccine Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whooping cough remains a problem despite vaccination, and worldwide resurgence of pertussis is evident. Since cellular immunity plays a role in long-term protection against pertussis, we studied pertussis-specific T-cell responses. Around the time of the preschool acellular pertussis (aP) booster dose at 4 years of age, T-cell memory responses were compared in children who were primed during infancy with either a whole-cell pertussis (wP) or an aP vaccine. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and stimulated with pertussis vaccine antigens for 5 days. T cells were characterized by flow-based analysis of carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) dilution and CD4, CD3, CD45RA, CCR7, gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) expression. Before the aP preschool booster vaccination, both the proliferated pertussis toxin (PT)-specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell fractions (CFSE<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup>) were higher in aP- than in wP-primed children. Post-booster vaccination, more pertussis-specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>effector memory cells (CD45RA<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>CCR7<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) were induced in aP-primed children than in those primed with wP. The booster vaccination did not appear to significantly affect the T-cell memory subsets and functionality in aP-primed or wP-primed children. Although the percentages of Th1 cytokine-producing cells were alike in aP- and wP-primed children pre-booster vaccination, aP-primed children produced more Th1 cytokines due to higher numbers of proliferated pertussis-specific effector memory cells. At present, infant vaccinations with four aP vaccines in the first year of life result in pertussis-specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>effector memory T-cell responses that persist in children until 4 years of age and are higher than those in wP-primed children. The booster at 4 years of age is therefore questionable; this may be postponed to 6 years of age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00695-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,19]],"date-time":"2015-03-19T02:33:43Z","timestamp":1426732423000},"page":"561-569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Identification of Pertussis-Specific Effector Memory T Cells in Preschool Children"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Lia","family":"de Rond","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rose-Minke","family":"Schure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kemal","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Berbers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inonge","family":"van Twillert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Carollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Mascart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara M.","family":"Ausiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecile A. 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