{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T18:17:19Z","timestamp":1788891439988,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin. Vaccine Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The presence of hypergammaglobulinemia, autoantibodies, and circulating immune complexes suggests that humoral immunity may contribute to the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. However, little is known about the role played by B cells in the development of this disease. Here we investigated the subpopulation distribution, response to stimulation, and levels of the nuclear transcription factor NF-\u03baB\/p65 in peripheral blood B cells from patients with severe chronic sarcoidosis. Patients with severe chronic sarcoidosis had absolute B-cell lymphopenia and exhibited significantly decreased frequencies and total numbers of memory (CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD27<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) B cells. The reduced numbers of memory B cells in these patients reflected a decrease in the total numbers of class-switched (CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD27<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>IgD<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) and unswitched (CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD27<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>IgD<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) memory B cells and coincided with an increased frequency of circulating (CD19<jats:sup>+\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>CD20<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>CD27<jats:sup>++<\/jats:sup>) plasmablasts. Polyclonal stimulation of sarcoid B cells resulted in reduced expression of activation markers (i.e., CD25, CD69, and CD86), decreased proliferation, and impaired plasma cell differentiation. Baseline expression of p65 in B cells was reduced in 65% of the patients. These results suggest disturbed homeostasis, intrinsic signaling defects, and anergy within the peripheral B-cell compartments of patients with severe chronic sarcoidosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.05118-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,9]],"date-time":"2011-06-09T04:36:06Z","timestamp":1307594166000},"page":"1306-1316","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Disturbed Homeostasis and Multiple Signaling Defects in the Peripheral Blood B-Cell Compartment of Patients with Severe Chronic Sarcoidosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Nam-Sihk","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaw M.","family":"Akula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Sigounas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yash P.","family":"Kataria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Arce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20180919073526_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.2001.5197","article-title":"Absence of memory B cells in patients with common variable immunodeficiency","volume":"103","author":"Agematsu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. 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