{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T11:28:57Z","timestamp":1765279737885},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin. Vaccine Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children bear a large component of the global burden of cholera. Despite this, little is known about immune responses to cholera in children, especially those under 5 years of age. Cholera vaccine studies have demonstrated lower long-term protective efficacy in young children than in older children and adults. Memory B cell (MBC) responses may correlate with duration of protection following infection and vaccination. Here we report a comparison of immune responses in young children (3 to 5 years of age;<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 17), older children (6 to 17 years of age;<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 17), and adults (18 to 60 years of age;<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 68) hospitalized with cholera in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We found that young children had lower baseline vibriocidal antibody titers and higher fold increases in titer between day 2 and day 7 than adults. Young children had higher baseline IgG plasma antibody levels to<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:named-content>antigens, although the magnitudes of responses at days 7 and 30 were similar across age groups. As a surrogate marker for mucosal immune responses, we assessed day 7 antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses. These were comparable across age groups, although there was a trend for older age groups to have higher levels of lipopolysaccharide-specific IgA ASC responses. All age groups developed comparable MBC responses to<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>lipopolysaccharide and cholera toxin B subunit at day 30. These findings suggest that young children are able to mount robust vibriocidal, plasma antibody, ASC, and MBC responses against<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">V. cholerae<\/jats:named-content>O1, suggesting that under an optimal vaccination strategy, young children could achieve protective efficacy comparable to that induced in adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.05124-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,23]],"date-time":"2011-06-23T00:17:02Z","timestamp":1308788222000},"page":"1317-1325","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Comparison of Memory B Cell, Antibody-Secreting Cell, and Plasma Antibody Responses in Young Children, Older Children, and Adults with Infection Caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Ogawa in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Daniel T.","family":"Leung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Arif","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mohasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Asrafuzzaman","family":"Riyadh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sweta M.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Murshid","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fahima","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashraful Islam","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Kalivoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amena","family":"Aktar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Saruar","family":"Bhuiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regina C.","family":"LaRocque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason B.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Calderwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Firdausi","family":"Qadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward T.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20180919073526_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00562-10","article-title":"Antigen-specific memory B-cell responses in Bangladeshi adults after one- or two-dose oral killed cholera vaccination and comparison with responses in patients with naturally acquired cholera","volume":"18","author":"Alam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. 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