{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T15:43:04Z","timestamp":1760888584112},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin. Vaccine Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bighorn sheep (BHS) are more susceptible than domestic sheep (DS) to<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Mannheimia haemolytica<\/jats:named-content>pneumonia. Although both species carry<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. haemolytica<\/jats:named-content>as a commensal bacterium in the nasopharynx, DS carry mostly leukotoxin (Lkt)-positive strains while BHS carry Lkt-negative strains. Consequently, antibodies to surface antigens and Lkt are present at much higher titers in DS than in BHS. The objective of this study was to determine whether repeated immunization of BHS with multivalent<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Mannheimia<\/jats:named-content>-<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Bibersteinia<\/jats:named-content>vaccine will protect them upon<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. haemolytica<\/jats:named-content>challenge. Four BHS were vaccinated with a culture supernatant vaccine prepared from<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. haemolytica<\/jats:named-content>serotypes A1 and A2 and<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Bibersteinia trehalosi<\/jats:named-content>serotype T10 on days 0, 21, 35, 49, and 77. Four other BHS were used as nonvaccinated controls. On the day of challenge, 12 days after the last immunization, the mean serum titers of Lkt-neutralizing antibodies and antibodies to surface antigens against<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. haemolytica<\/jats:named-content>were 1:160 and 1:4,000, respectively. Following intranasal challenge with<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. haemolytica<\/jats:named-content>A2 (1 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>CFU), all four control BHS died within 48 h. Necropsy revealed acute fibrinonecrotic pneumonia characteristic of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. haemolytica<\/jats:named-content>infection. None of the vaccinated BHS died during the 8 weeks postchallenge observation period. Radiography at 3 weeks postchallenge revealed no lung lesions in two vaccinated BHS and mild lesions in the other two, which resolved by 8 weeks postchallenge. These results indicate that if BHS can be induced to develop high titers of Lkt-neutralizing antibodies and antibodies to surface antigens, they are likely to survive<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">M. haemolytica<\/jats:named-content>challenge which is likely to reduce the BHS population decline due to pneumonia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.05276-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,11]],"date-time":"2011-08-11T03:10:28Z","timestamp":1313032228000},"page":"1689-1694","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A Multivalent Mannheimia-Bibersteinia Vaccine Protects Bighorn Sheep against Mannheimia haemolytica Challenge"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Renuka","family":"Subramaniam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudarvili","family":"Shanthalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jegarubee","family":"Bavananthasivam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abirami","family":"Kugadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen A.","family":"Potter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Foreyt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas C.","family":"Hodgins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia E.","family":"Shewen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George M.","family":"Barrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald P.","family":"Knowles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subramaniam","family":"Srikumaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20180919073536_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-37.1.49","article-title":"Evaluation of ewe vaccination as a tool for increasing bighorn lamb survival following pasteurellosis epizootics","volume":"37","author":"Cassirer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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