{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T11:41:18Z","timestamp":1785498078246,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin. Vaccine Immunol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antigen detection has been reported to be a promising method for rapid diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis in humans.<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Coccidioides<\/jats:named-content>antigen detection has not been previously reported in dogs with coccidioidomycosis and was evaluated in 60 cases diagnosed based on detection of anti-<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Coccidioides<\/jats:named-content>antibodies at titers of 1:16 or more in serum. Controls included dogs with presumed histoplasmosis or blastomycosis, other fungal infections, or nonfungal diseases and healthy dogs. Urine and serum specimens were tested using an enzyme immunoassay for<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Coccidioides<\/jats:named-content>galactomannan antigen. Antibody testing was performed at commercial veterinary reference laboratories. Antigen was detected in urine or serum of 12 of 60 (20.0%), urine only in 2 of 57 (3.5%), and serum only in 11 of 58 (19.0%) dogs with coccidioidomycosis. Antigen was detected in the urine of 3 of 43 (7.0%) and serum of 1 of 37 (2.7%) dogs with histoplasmosis or blastomycosis but not in 13 dogs with other fungal infections (serum, 9; urine, 13), 41 dogs with nonfungal diseases (urine, 41; serum, 18), or healthy dogs (serum, 21; urine, 21). Detection of antigen was an insensitive method for diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis in dogs in which the diagnosis was based primarily upon detection of antibodies at titers of 1:16 or higher, and the highest sensitivity was in serum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.05631-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,26]],"date-time":"2012-01-26T06:13:29Z","timestamp":1327558409000},"page":"343-345","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Evaluation of Coccidioides Antigen Detection in Dogs with Coccidioidomycosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Emily J.","family":"Kirsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell T.","family":"Greene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Prahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley I.","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane E.","family":"Sykes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Durkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence J.","family":"Wheat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"key20180919073557_B1","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of urine Histoplasma capsulatum antigen measurement in cats with suspected disseminated histoplasmosis","author":"Cook","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"key20180919073557_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1086\/592073","article-title":"Diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis with use of the Coccidioides antigen enzyme immunoassay","volume":"47","author":"Durkin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073557_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00227-09","article-title":"Detection of Coccidioides antigenemia following dissociation of immune complexes","volume":"16","author":"Durkin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"key20180919073557_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/163.3.671","article-title":"New serologic tests for early detection of coccidioidomycosis","volume":"163","author":"Galgiani","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073557_B5","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of a blood and urine galactomannan antigen assay for diagnosis of systemic aspergillosis in dogs","author":"Garcia","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"key20180919073557_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.5326\/0440226","article-title":"Coccidioidomycosis in dogs and cats: a review","volume":"44","author":"Graupmann-Kuzma","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc."},{"key":"key20180919073557_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.461","article-title":"Clinical, clinicopathologic, and radiographic findings in dogs with coccidioidomycosis: 24 cases (1995\u20132000)","volume":"222","author":"Johnson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"key20180919073557_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(03)00035-4","article-title":"Update on canine and feline fungal diseases","volume":"33","author":"Kerl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"key20180919073557_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50","DOI":"10.1086\/511684","article-title":"Diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis by antigen detection using cross-reaction with a Histoplasma antigen","volume":"44","author":"Kuberski","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"key20180919073557_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.226.1846","article-title":"Incidence of coccidioides infection among dogs residing in a region in which the organism is endemic","volume":"226","author":"Shubitz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. 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Med."}],"container-title":["Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1128\/CVI.05631-11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T20:47:02Z","timestamp":1627591622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/CVI.05631-11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,25]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/CVI.05631-11"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cvi.05631-11","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-6811","1556-679X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-6811","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-679X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,25]]}}}